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3.5.2 Giving reasons

Explaining Why You Think Something: Giving Reasons

In this chapter you learn how to support your opinions in Urdu by giving clear reasons. You already know how to state opinions at this level, so we focus here on the specific words and patterns that connect your opinion with your reason.


Core pattern: “Because …, …” and “… because …”

In Urdu, reasons are usually introduced with کیوںکہ or کیونکہ (both common spellings, pronounced kyūn-ke).

There are two main patterns:

  1. Reason first, then result
  2. Result first, then reason

1. Reason first, then result

Structure:

Examples:

Note the very useful connector:

You can omit it in informal speech:

2. Result first, then reason

Structure:

Examples:

Both orders are natural. In conversation, result first is very common.

Key rule:
Use کیوںکہ / کیونکہ to introduce a reason clause.
You can put the reason before or after the main statement.


“Because of …”: Noun-based reasons

Sometimes your reason is a noun phrase, not a full sentence. Then Urdu usually uses کی وجہ سے (kī wajah se).

Structure:

If the noun is masculine or plural, you will also see کے / کے بجائے in other contexts, but for this chapter keep the simple pattern:

Examples:

Compare:

Key rule:
Use کی وجہ سے after a noun to say “because of …”.
Use کیوںکہ / کیونکہ before a full sentence.


“So / therefore / that is why”: Result connectors

When your reason is already clear, you can highlight the result with these words:

These usually come at the start of the result clause.

Examples:

You can use these even without an explicit “because” sentence, if the reason is understood from context.

Dialogue:

Two-sided structure: opinion + reason

To give a clear opinion with a reason, combine an opinion phrase with a reason phrase.

General idea:

Useful opinion starters (from the parent chapter):

Now attach a reason:

You can also use اس لیے for the result:

Giving multiple reasons

You may want to give more than one reason for your opinion. In that case, you list reasons and join them with اور (and) or also expressions.

Some useful words:

UrduTransliterationMeaning
اورaurand
بھیbhīalso / too
اس کے علاوہis ke ilāwain addition to this, besides this
خاص طور پرḳhās taur parespecially

List with “اور / بھی”

Adding “in addition”

Positive and negative reasons

You can give both positive and negative reasons. Here are some common patterns that combine opinions with reasons.

Positive opinions with reasons

Negative opinions with reasons

Short answers with reasons

In everyday conversation, you often answer yes/no questions and then add a short reason.

Patterns:

Examples:

B: نہیں، کیونکہ میں شہر سے باہر ہوں۔
No, because I am out of town.

B: ہاں، کیونکہ یہ بہت پرسکون ہے۔
Yes, because it is very peaceful.

B: تھوڑی سی، کیونکہ میں ابھی سیکھ رہا ہوں۔
A little, because I am still learning.

You can also start directly with the reason, especially if the yes/no is clear from context:

Giving reasons politely or indirectly

If you want to be polite, especially when refusing or disagreeing, you can soften your reason with words like:

UrduTransliterationMeaning
دراصلdar-asalactually
تھوڑا ساthoṛā sāa little (softening criticism)
شایدshāyadmaybe
میرا خیال ہے کہmerā ḳhiyāl hai keI think that

Examples:

Practice examples

Here are some paired sentences that show how to connect opinions and reasons. Try to identify which part is the opinion and which part is the reason.

  1. مجھے لگتا ہے کہ یہ کلاس مفید ہے، کیونکہ ہم ہر روز بولنے کی پریکٹس کرتے ہیں۔
    I think this class is useful, because we practice speaking every day.
  2. میں آج باہر نہیں جا رہا، کیونکہ مجھے بہت سا ہوم ورک کرنا ہے۔
    I am not going out today, because I have a lot of homework to do.
  3. کیونکہ میرے دوست بیمار ہیں، میں ان سے ملنے جا رہا ہوں۔
    Because my friends are sick, I am going to visit them.
  4. ٹریفک کی وجہ سے ہم لیٹ ہو گئے، اس لیے میٹنگ شروع ہو چکی تھی۔
    Because of traffic we became late, so the meeting had already started.
  5. وہ روزانہ محنت کرتی ہے، اسی لیے اس کے نمبر ہمیشہ اچھے آتے ہیں۔
    She works hard every day, that is why her marks are always good.

Summary: Useful patterns for giving reasons

Main patterns

  1. Because + clause
    • کیونکہ / کیوںکہ + clause
      Example: کیونکہ میں مصروف ہوں، میں نہیں آ سکتا۔
  2. Result + because + reason
    • Result clause، کیونکہ / کیوںکہ + reason clause
      Example: میں نہیں آ سکتا، کیونکہ میں مصروف ہوں۔
  3. Because of + noun
    • Noun + کی وجہ سے + result
      Example: بارش کی وجہ سے میچ منسوخ ہو گیا۔
  4. Therefore / so
    • Reason clause، اس لیے / اسی لیے + result clause
      Example: میں مصروف ہوں، اس لیے نہیں آ سکتا۔

Vocabulary list for this chapter

UrduTransliterationEnglish meaning
کیونکہ / کیوںکہkyūn-kebecause
اس لیے / اس لئےis liyetherefore, so, for that reason
اسی لیے / اسی لئےisī liyefor this very reason, that is why
کی وجہ سےkī wajah sebecause of
وجہwajahreason, cause
دراصلdar-asalactually
اس کے علاوہis ke ilāwabesides this, in addition
خاص طور پرḳhās taur parespecially
مسئلہmasla / masʾalaproblem
غلطghalatwrong, incorrect
صحیحsahīright, correct
مفیدmufīduseful
پریشانparesānworried, upset
منسوخmansūkhcanceled
خرابیḳharābīfault, malfunction
مہنگاmehengāexpensive
سستاsastācheap
وجہ بتاناwajah batānāto give a reason
خیالḳhiyālthought, opinion

These tools allow you to support your opinions clearly and politely in Urdu by explaining your reasons.

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