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3.9 Idiomatic Expressions

Understanding Idiomatic Expressions in Urdu

Idiomatic expressions are phrases whose meaning cannot be guessed by translating each word separately. They are a key part of sounding natural in Urdu and understanding native speakers.

In this chapter you will see many common idioms, grouped by theme, with literal meanings, real meanings, and example sentences. Do not worry about memorizing everything at once. Use this chapter as a reference and learn a few idioms at a time.

Important:

  • An idiom usually cannot be translated word by word.
  • Use idioms only in appropriate contexts and with appropriate people.
  • Many idioms are more common in spoken Urdu than in very formal written Urdu.

1. Idioms for Daily Life and Everyday Situations

These idioms are common in casual conversation. You will hear them in homes, markets, and among friends.

1.1 Everyday life & common situations

Idiom (Urdu)TransliterationLiteral meaningReal meaning / usage
روز روز کا معاملہroz roz ka maamlamatter of every daysomething that happens regularly, routine issue
عادت بن جاناaadat ban jaanato become a habitto become a routine or fixed habit
بات بن جاناbaat ban jaanathe matter becomesthings work out, problem is solved
بات بگڑ جاناbaat bigar jaanathe matter gets spoiledsituation goes bad, problem becomes serious
ہاتھ بٹاناhaath bataanato share a handto help someone, to lend a hand
کام چل جاناkaam chal jaanathe work runsit is enough, it will do, it is workable but not perfect
وقت پر آناwaqt par aanato come on timeto be punctual

Examples

  1. روز روز کا معاملہ ہے، پریشان مت ہو۔
    roz roz ka maamla hai, pareshan mat ho.
    This happens all the time, do not worry.
  2. تم نے کافی مدد کی، تم نے واقعی ہاتھ بٹایا۔
    tum ne kaafi madad ki, tum ne waaqai haath bataya.
    You helped a lot, you really lent a hand.
  3. یہ جوتے بہت اچھے نہیں لیکن کام چل جائے گا۔
    ye jootay bohat achchhe nahi lekin kaam chal jaayega.
    These shoes are not very good, but they will do.
  4. اگر سب وقت پر آئیں گے تو بات بن جائے گی۔
    agar sab waqt par aayenge to baat ban jaayegi.
    If everyone comes on time, things will work out.

2. Idioms for People and Personal Qualities

These idioms describe people, their character, or their behavior.

2.1 Talking about character & personality

Idiom (Urdu)TransliterationLiteral meaningReal meaning / usage
دل کا صاف ہوناdil ka saaf honaheart is cleanto be pure-hearted, without bad intentions
منہ کا کڑواmunh ka karwamouth is bitterblunt, speaks harshly but not always bad-hearted
دو نمبر آدمیdo number aadminumber two persondishonest person, cheat
سیدھا سادہseedha saadhastraight simplesimple, naive, not clever or tricky
دل کا براdil ka buraheart is badbad-hearted, unkind person
زبان کا تیزzabaan ka taiztongue is sharpspeaks sharply, critical or harsh
آنکھوں کا تاراaankhon ka taarapupil of the eyevery dear person, beloved, favorite

Examples

  1. وہ تھوڑا منہ کا کڑوا ہے، لیکن دل کا برا نہیں۔
    woh thora munh ka karwa hai, lekin dil ka bura nahi.
    He is a bit harsh in speech, but not bad-hearted.
  2. میری بیٹی میرے والدین کی آنکھوں کا تارا ہے۔
    meri beti mere waalidayn ki aankhon ka taara hai.
    My daughter is the apple of my parents' eye.
  3. وہ بہت سیدھا سادہ آدمی ہے، کسی کو نقصان نہیں پہنچاتا۔
    woh bohat seedha saadha aadmi hai, kisi ko nuqsaan nahi pohunchata.
    He is a very simple man, he does not harm anyone.
  4. دو نمبر آدمیوں سے دور رہنا بہتر ہے۔
    do number aadmiyon se door rehna behtar hai.
    It is better to stay away from dishonest people.

2.2 Intelligence, effort, and laziness

Idiom (Urdu)TransliterationLiteral meaningReal meaning / usage
دماغ چلناdimagh chalnabrain runsto think cleverly, to get an idea
دماغ خراب ہوناdimagh kharaab honabrain is spoiledto be angry or irrational
محنت رنگ لاناmehnat rang laanaeffort brings colorhard work pays off
ہاتھ پر ہاتھ دھرے بیٹھناhaath par haath dhare baithnato sit with hands on handsto do nothing, to sit idle
جان لڑاناjaan ladaanato throw lifeto try extremely hard, with full effort
ٹال مٹول کرناtaal matol karnato postpone and shiftto delay, to avoid doing something

Examples

  1. اب ہاتھ پر ہاتھ دھرے بیٹھنے سے کچھ نہیں ہوگا۔
    ab haath par haath dhare baithne se kuch nahi hoga.
    Now sitting idle will not help.
  2. اگر تم جان لڑاؤ گے تو ضرور کامیاب ہوگے۔
    agar tum jaan ladaoge to zaroor kaamyaab hoge.
    If you give it your all, you will definitely succeed.
  3. محنت ہمیشہ رنگ لاتی ہے۔
    mehnat hamesha rang laati hai.
    Hard work always pays off.
  4. تم ہر کام میں ٹال مٹول کیوں کرتے ہو؟
    tum har kaam mein taal matol kyun karte ho?
    Why do you postpone every task?

3. Idioms for Emotions and Reactions

Emotions are often expressed through idioms. These give color and intensity to your Urdu.

3.1 Happiness, excitement, and satisfaction

Idiom (Urdu)TransliterationLiteral meaningReal meaning / usage
خوشی سے پھولے نہ سماناkhushi se phoolay na samaanato swell with joy and not fitto be extremely happy
دل باغ باغ ہوناdil baagh baagh honaheart becomes a gardento feel very happy and fresh
جی خوش ہوناji khush honaheart/soul becomes happyto feel pleased or satisfied
جان میں جان آناjaan mein jaan aanalife comes into lifeto feel relieved after stress

Examples

  1. امتحان میں کامیاب ہوکر وہ خوشی سے پھولے نہ سما رہا تھا۔
    imtihaan mein kaamyaab hokar woh khushi se phoolay na sama raha tha.
    After passing the exam he was overjoyed.
  2. تمہاری خبر سن کر میرا دل باغ باغ ہوگیا۔
    tumhari khabar sunkar mera dil baagh baagh ho gaya.
    After hearing your news I felt very happy.
  3. اس کی آواز سن کر جان میں جان آگئی۔
    us ki awaaz sunkar jaan mein jaan aa gayi.
    Hearing his voice I felt alive again, I was relieved.

3.2 Anger, fear, and sadness

Idiom (Urdu)TransliterationLiteral meaningReal meaning / usage
خون کھولناkhoon kholnablood boilsto be very angry
آگ بگولا ہوناaag bagoLa honato become fire whirlwindto become furious
دل بیٹھ جاناdil baith jaanaheart sits downto feel suddenly very sad or disappointed
پسینے چھوٹ جاناpaseenay chhoot jaanasweat breaks outto be very scared or extremely nervous
ہوش اُڑ جاناhosh ur jaanasenses fly awayto be shocked or terrified

Examples

  1. دھوکہ سن کر اس کا خون کھول اٹھا۔
    dhokha sunkar us ka khoon khol utha.
    His blood boiled when he heard about the betrayal.
  2. اچانک خبر سن کر میرا دل بیٹھ گیا۔
    achanak khabar sunkar mera dil baith gaya.
    Hearing the sudden news I felt completely down.
  3. انٹرویو میں میرا برا حال تھا، پسینے چھوٹ گئے۔
    interview mein mera bura haal tha, paseenay chhoot gaye.
    In the interview I was in a bad state, I was sweating with nerves.
  4. اس کو اتنا غصہ آیا کہ وہ آگ بگولا ہوگیا۔
    us ko itna ghussa aaya ke woh aag bagoLa ho gaya.
    He became so angry that he was furious.

4. Idioms about Speaking and Communication

These idioms describe how people speak, keep secrets, or behave in conversation.

4.1 Speaking honestly or dishonestly

Idiom (Urdu)TransliterationLiteral meaningReal meaning / usage
دل کی بات کہناdil ki baat kehnato say the heart's wordsto speak honestly, to share true feelings
بات گھما پھرا کر کہناbaat ghuma phira kar kehnato say the matter round and roundto speak indirectly, not directly
بات کا بتنگڑ بناناbaat ka batangar bananato make a big stick from a talkto exaggerate a small issue
صاف صاف کہناsaaf saaf kehnato say clearlyto speak very clearly, frankly
منہ میں گھول کر بات کرناmunh mein ghol kar baat karnato dissolve in the mouth and speakto speak very politely and sweetly

Examples

  1. بات گھما پھرا کر مت کہو، صاف صاف بتاؤ۔
    baat ghuma phira kar mat kaho, saaf saaf batao.
    Do not speak in a roundabout way, tell me clearly.
  2. اس نے آخرکار دل کی بات کہہ دی۔
    us ne aakhirkaar dil ki baat keh di.
    At last he spoke his true feelings.
  3. وہ ہمیشہ منہ میں گھول کر بات کرتی ہیں۔
    woh hamesha munh mein ghol kar baat karti hain.
    She always speaks very sweetly and politely.
  4. چھوٹی سی بات کا بتنگڑ مت بناؤ۔
    chhoti si baat ka batangar mat banao.
    Do not make a big issue out of a small thing.

4.2 Secrets and gossip

Idiom (Urdu)TransliterationLiteral meaningReal meaning / usage
دل میں رکھناdil mein rakhnato keep in the heartto keep a secret
زبان پر تالہ لگاناzabaan par taala lagaanato put a lock on the tongueto remain silent, not speak
بھیدی سانپbhaidi saanpinsider snakea person who knows secrets and can betray
کان میں بات کرناkaan mein baat karnato speak in the earto whisper, to speak secretly
کسی کا بھانڈا پھوڑ دیناkisi ka bhaanda phor denato break someone's potto reveal someone's secret or lie

Examples

  1. یہ بات صرف تمہیں بتا رہی ہوں، دل میں رکھنا۔
    ye baat sirf tumhein bata rahi hun, dil mein rakhna.
    I am telling this only to you, keep it to yourself.
  2. جب تک وقت نہ آئے، زبان پر تالہ لگائے رکھو۔
    jab tak waqt na aaye, zabaan par taala lagaaye rakho.
    Until the right time comes, keep your mouth shut.
  3. اس نے میٹنگ میں سب کا بھانڈا پھوڑ دیا۔
    us ne meeting mein sab ka bhaanda phor diya.
    He exposed everyone in the meeting.

5. Idioms about Relationships and Social Life

These idioms talk about friendship, respect, and social distance or closeness.

5.1 Friendship and closeness

Idiom (Urdu)TransliterationLiteral meaningReal meaning / usage
جان سے پیاراjaan se pyaradearer than lifevery beloved, extremely dear
جان کا دشمنjaan ka dushmanenemy of lifesomeone who causes a lot of trouble, said jokingly or seriously
گہرے تعلقاتgehre talluqaatdeep relationsstrong relationships
خون کا رشتہkhoon ka rishtablood relationfamily relationship
دل سے دل کا رشتہdil se dil ka rishtaheart to heart relationvery emotional or close bond

Examples

  1. میرا سب سے اچھا دوست میرے لیے جان سے پیارا ہے۔
    mera sab se achchha dost mere liye jaan se pyara hai.
    My best friend is dearer to me than life.
  2. وہ تو تمہارے ساتھ بچپن سے ہے، گہرے تعلقات ہیں۔
    woh to tumhare saath bachpan se hai, gehre talluqaat hain.
    He has been with you since childhood, you have deep ties.
  3. ہمارے درمیان صرف خون کا رشتہ نہیں، دل سے دل کا رشتہ بھی ہے۔
    hamare darmiyan sirf khoon ka rishta nahi, dil se dil ka rishta bhi hai.
    Between us there is not only a blood relation, but also a heart to heart bond.

5.2 Distance, rudeness, and conflict

Idiom (Urdu)TransliterationLiteral meaningReal meaning / usage
منہ موڑ لیناmunh mod lenato turn the face awayto ignore someone, to break contact
آنکھیں دکھاناaankhen dikhaanato show eyesto glare, to show anger or disrespect
بات بڑھ جاناbaat barh jaanathe matter growsconflict becomes bigger
دل سے اتر جاناdil se utar jaanato come down from the heartto lose respect or love for someone
منہ لگناmunh lagnato touch the mouthto give too much attention or importance to someone, often a rude or childish person

Examples

  1. چھوٹی سی بات پر منہ مت मोڑو۔
    chhoti si baat par munh mat moddo.
    Do not turn away because of a small issue.
  2. وہ ہر بات پر آنکھیں دکھانے لگتا ہے۔
    woh har baat par aankhen dikhaane lagta hai.
    He starts glaring on every little thing.
  3. اس کی حرکتوں سے وہ میرے دل سے اتر گیا۔
    us ki harkaton se woh mere dil se utar gaya.
    Because of his behavior he lost my respect.
  4. ایسے لوگوں سے بحث نہ کرو، ان کے منہ مت لگو۔
    aise logon se behas na karo, un ke munh mat lago.
    Do not argue with such people, do not give them attention.

6. Idioms about Time, Work, and Responsibility

These idioms help you sound natural when talking about deadlines, work, and responsibility.

6.1 Time, speed, and delay

Idiom (Urdu)TransliterationLiteral meaningReal meaning / usage
وقت پر قابو پاناwaqt par qaabu paanato control timeto manage time well
وقت پر ہاتھ ڈالناwaqt par haath daalnato put hand at the right timeto act at the right moment
دیر ہوجاناder ho janato become lateto be late, often too late
ہاتھ سے موقع نکل جاناhaath se mauqa nikal jaanathe opportunity goes out of handto miss a chance

Examples

  1. اگر تم وقت پر ہاتھ ڈالوگے تو مسئلہ حل ہوسکتا ہے۔
    agar tum waqt par haath daalogay to masla hal ho sakta hai.
    If you act at the right time the problem can be solved.
  2. اب شکایت کرنے کا فائدہ نہیں، دیر ہوچکی ہے۔
    ab shikayat karne ka faayda nahi, der ho chuki hai.
    Complaining now is useless, it is already late.
  3. میں نے نوکری کا فارم جمع نہیں کرایا، ہاتھ سے موقع نکل گیا۔
    maine naukri ka form jama nahi karaaya, haath se mauqa nikal gaya.
    I did not submit the job form, I missed the opportunity.

6.2 Responsibility, burden, and pressure

Idiom (Urdu)TransliterationLiteral meaningReal meaning / usage
بوجھ اٹھاناbojh uthaanato carry a burdento take responsibility, to endure difficulty
کندھے سے کندھا ملا کرkandhe se kandha mila karshoulder to shoulderto work together, cooperate fully
سر پر کام کا بوجھ ہوناsar par kaam ka bojh honawork burden on the headto be overloaded with work
کمر ٹوٹ جاناkamar toot jaanaback breaksto be extremely tired from work or responsibility

Examples

  1. اس پروجیکٹ کا بوجھ اکیلے مت اٹھاؤ۔
    is project ka bojh akele mat uthao.
    Do not carry the burden of this project alone.
  2. اگر ہم سب کندھے سے کندھا ملا کر چلیں گے تو کامیاب ہوں گے۔
    agar hum sab kandhe se kandha mila kar chalenge to kaamyaab honge.
    If we all work shoulder to shoulder we will succeed.
  3. اس ہفتے سر پر کام کا بوجھ ہے، کہیں جا نہیں سکتا۔
    is haftay sar par kaam ka bojh hai, kahin ja nahi sakta.
    This week I am under a lot of work pressure, I cannot go anywhere.
  4. پورا دن کھڑے رہ کر میری کمر ٹوٹ گئی۔
    poora din kharay reh kar meri kamar toot gayi.
    After standing all day my back is breaking, I am exhausted.

7. Idioms of Success, Failure, and Luck

These idioms are useful when talking about results, achievements, and chances.

7.1 Success and achievement

Idiom (Urdu)TransliterationLiteral meaningReal meaning / usage
نام روشن کرناnaam roshan karnato make the name brightto bring honor, to make someone proud
بازی جیت جاناbaazi jeet jaanato win the gameto win, to succeed, often in competition
بازی پلٹ دیناbaazi palat denato turn the gameto completely change the situation, in your favor
میدان مار لیناmaidaan maar lenato take the fieldto win clearly, to dominate

Examples

  1. اس نے مقابلے میں جیت کر والدین کا نام روشن کیا۔
    us ne muqable mein jeet kar waalidayn ka naam roshan kiya.
    He made his parents proud by winning the competition.
  2. شروع میں ہم پیچھے تھے، لیکن آخر میں ہم نے بازی پلٹ دی۔
    shuru mein hum peeche thay, lekin aakhir mein hum ne baazi palat di.
    At first we were behind, but in the end we turned the game around.
  3. اس سپیچ میں تو تم نے میدان مار لیا۔
    is speech mein to tum ne maidaan maar liya.
    In this speech you completely won, you were the best.

7.2 Failure and bad luck

Idiom (Urdu)TransliterationLiteral meaningReal meaning / usage
منہ کی کھاناmunh ki khaanato eat with the mouthto be defeated, to face loss or insult
پانی پھر جاناpaani phir jaanawater goes over itplan fails, effort is wasted
ہاتھ ملتے رہ جاناhaath milte reh jaanato keep rubbing handsto regret, to be left helpless after losing a chance
قسمت کا ساتھ نہ دیناqismat ka saath na denafate does not supportto be unlucky

Examples

  1. وہ بہت پر اعتماد تھا لیکن آخر میں منہ کی کھانی پڑی۔
    woh bohat pur-aitemaad tha lekin aakhir mein munh ki khaani padi.
    He was very confident but in the end he had to face defeat.
  2. بارش سے سارے انتظامات پر پانی پھر گیا۔
    baarish se saare intizaamaat par paani phir gaya.
    Because of the rain all the arrangements were ruined.
  3. فارم وقت پر نہ بھیج کر اب ہاتھ ملتے رہو گے۔
    form waqt par na bhej kar ab haath milte raho ge.
    Now you will only regret not sending the form on time.
  4. میں نے پوری کوشش کی، لیکن اس بار قسمت نے ساتھ نہیں دیا۔
    maine poori koshish ki, lekin is baar qismat ne saath nahi diya.
    I tried my best, but this time luck did not support me.

8. Politeness, Softening, and Tone in Idioms

Some idioms help you speak more politely or gently, especially when giving advice or criticism. As an intermediate learner you can begin to use them to sound more natural.

Idiom (Urdu)TransliterationLiteral meaningReal meaning / usage
ہاتھ ہولا رکھناhaath hola rakhnakeep the hand lightto be gentle, not too strict or harsh
نرم لہجہ اختیار کرناnarm lehja ikhtiyaar karnato adopt a soft toneto speak kindly, not rudely
بات کو دل پر نہ لیناbaat ko dil par na lenado not take the talk on the heartdo not take it personally, do not feel hurt
اپنی حد میں رہناapni had mein rehnastay in your own limitto know your place, not to cross limits

Examples

  1. بچوں کے ساتھ ہاتھ ہولا رکھا کرو۔
    bachon ke saath haath hola rakha karo.
    Be gentle with children.
  2. میری بات کو دل پر مت لو، میں صرف مشورہ دے رہا ہوں۔
    meri baat ko dil par mat lo, main sirf mashwara de raha hun.
    Do not take my words personally, I am only giving advice.
  3. میٹنگ میں سب سے کہہ دو کہ نرم لہجہ اختیار کریں۔
    meeting mein sab se keh do ke narm lehja ikhtiyaar karein.
    Tell everyone in the meeting to use a soft tone.
  4. ہمیں ہمیشہ اپنی حد میں رہ کر بات کرنی چاہیے۔
    hamein hamesha apni had mein reh kar baat karni chahiye.
    We should always speak within our limits.

9. How to Learn and Use Urdu Idioms

Idioms are advanced tools for expression. At B1 level you do not need to know hundreds, but you should start to recognize and use some common ones.

Practical rules for using idioms

  1. Understand first, use later.
    Use an idiom only after you clearly understand its meaning and tone.
  2. Match the situation.
    Some idioms are informal or joking. Avoid them in very formal situations.
  3. Do not translate word by word.
    Remember that idioms usually do not match their literal meanings.
  4. Learn in sentences, not lists.
    Always learn an idiom with at least one full example sentence.

A simple way to practice:

  1. Choose 3 idioms that you like.
  2. Write 2 new sentences for each idiom, related to your own life.
  3. Try to use them in conversation with a teacher, friend, or language partner.

Example practice:

Vocabulary List for This Chapter

The following table lists new or important words that appear often in the idioms of this chapter.

UrduTransliterationMeaning
معاملہmaamlamatter, issue
عادتaadathabit
مددmadadhelp
صاف دلsaaf dilpure-hearted
کڑواkarwabitter
سیدھا سادہseedha saadhasimple, naive
تیز (زبان)taiz (zabaan)sharp (tongue)
دماغdimaghbrain, mind
محنتmehnathard work
ٹال مٹولtaal matoldelaying, procrastination
خوشیkhushihappiness
باغbaaghgarden
جانjaanlife, soul
خونkhoonblood
غصہghussaanger
پسینہpaseenasweat
ہوشhoshsenses, consciousness
گھما پھرا کرghuma phira karin a roundabout way
صاف صافsaaf saafclearly, frankly
تالہtaalalock
بھانڈاbhaandapot, container
تعلقاتtalluqaatrelations
رشتہrishtarelationship
منہ موڑ لیناmunh mod lenato turn away
بوجھbojhburden
کندھاkandhashoulder
میدانmaidaanfield, ground
مقابلہmuqabLacompetition
انتظاماتintizaamaatarrangements
قسمتqismatfate, luck
نرمnarmsoft
لہجہlehjatone (of speech)
حدhadlimit, boundary
افسوسafsosregret, pity
دشمنdushmanenemy
دھوکہdhokhadeceit, betrayal

Use this vocabulary list when you review the idioms. Try to read the idioms again and check how these words create the feeling or image behind each expression.

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