Table of Contents
Understanding Idiomatic Expressions in Urdu
Idiomatic expressions are phrases whose meaning cannot be guessed by translating each word separately. They are a key part of sounding natural in Urdu and understanding native speakers.
In this chapter you will see many common idioms, grouped by theme, with literal meanings, real meanings, and example sentences. Do not worry about memorizing everything at once. Use this chapter as a reference and learn a few idioms at a time.
Important:
- An idiom usually cannot be translated word by word.
- Use idioms only in appropriate contexts and with appropriate people.
- Many idioms are more common in spoken Urdu than in very formal written Urdu.
1. Idioms for Daily Life and Everyday Situations
These idioms are common in casual conversation. You will hear them in homes, markets, and among friends.
1.1 Everyday life & common situations
| Idiom (Urdu) | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Real meaning / usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| روز روز کا معاملہ | roz roz ka maamla | matter of every day | something that happens regularly, routine issue |
| عادت بن جانا | aadat ban jaana | to become a habit | to become a routine or fixed habit |
| بات بن جانا | baat ban jaana | the matter becomes | things work out, problem is solved |
| بات بگڑ جانا | baat bigar jaana | the matter gets spoiled | situation goes bad, problem becomes serious |
| ہاتھ بٹانا | haath bataana | to share a hand | to help someone, to lend a hand |
| کام چل جانا | kaam chal jaana | the work runs | it is enough, it will do, it is workable but not perfect |
| وقت پر آنا | waqt par aana | to come on time | to be punctual |
Examples
- روز روز کا معاملہ ہے، پریشان مت ہو۔
roz roz ka maamla hai, pareshan mat ho.
This happens all the time, do not worry. - تم نے کافی مدد کی، تم نے واقعی ہاتھ بٹایا۔
tum ne kaafi madad ki, tum ne waaqai haath bataya.
You helped a lot, you really lent a hand. - یہ جوتے بہت اچھے نہیں لیکن کام چل جائے گا۔
ye jootay bohat achchhe nahi lekin kaam chal jaayega.
These shoes are not very good, but they will do. - اگر سب وقت پر آئیں گے تو بات بن جائے گی۔
agar sab waqt par aayenge to baat ban jaayegi.
If everyone comes on time, things will work out.
2. Idioms for People and Personal Qualities
These idioms describe people, their character, or their behavior.
2.1 Talking about character & personality
| Idiom (Urdu) | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Real meaning / usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| دل کا صاف ہونا | dil ka saaf hona | heart is clean | to be pure-hearted, without bad intentions |
| منہ کا کڑوا | munh ka karwa | mouth is bitter | blunt, speaks harshly but not always bad-hearted |
| دو نمبر آدمی | do number aadmi | number two person | dishonest person, cheat |
| سیدھا سادہ | seedha saadha | straight simple | simple, naive, not clever or tricky |
| دل کا برا | dil ka bura | heart is bad | bad-hearted, unkind person |
| زبان کا تیز | zabaan ka taiz | tongue is sharp | speaks sharply, critical or harsh |
| آنکھوں کا تارا | aankhon ka taara | pupil of the eye | very dear person, beloved, favorite |
Examples
- وہ تھوڑا منہ کا کڑوا ہے، لیکن دل کا برا نہیں۔
woh thora munh ka karwa hai, lekin dil ka bura nahi.
He is a bit harsh in speech, but not bad-hearted. - میری بیٹی میرے والدین کی آنکھوں کا تارا ہے۔
meri beti mere waalidayn ki aankhon ka taara hai.
My daughter is the apple of my parents' eye. - وہ بہت سیدھا سادہ آدمی ہے، کسی کو نقصان نہیں پہنچاتا۔
woh bohat seedha saadha aadmi hai, kisi ko nuqsaan nahi pohunchata.
He is a very simple man, he does not harm anyone. - دو نمبر آدمیوں سے دور رہنا بہتر ہے۔
do number aadmiyon se door rehna behtar hai.
It is better to stay away from dishonest people.
2.2 Intelligence, effort, and laziness
| Idiom (Urdu) | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Real meaning / usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| دماغ چلنا | dimagh chalna | brain runs | to think cleverly, to get an idea |
| دماغ خراب ہونا | dimagh kharaab hona | brain is spoiled | to be angry or irrational |
| محنت رنگ لانا | mehnat rang laana | effort brings color | hard work pays off |
| ہاتھ پر ہاتھ دھرے بیٹھنا | haath par haath dhare baithna | to sit with hands on hands | to do nothing, to sit idle |
| جان لڑانا | jaan ladaana | to throw life | to try extremely hard, with full effort |
| ٹال مٹول کرنا | taal matol karna | to postpone and shift | to delay, to avoid doing something |
Examples
- اب ہاتھ پر ہاتھ دھرے بیٹھنے سے کچھ نہیں ہوگا۔
ab haath par haath dhare baithne se kuch nahi hoga.
Now sitting idle will not help. - اگر تم جان لڑاؤ گے تو ضرور کامیاب ہوگے۔
agar tum jaan ladaoge to zaroor kaamyaab hoge.
If you give it your all, you will definitely succeed. - محنت ہمیشہ رنگ لاتی ہے۔
mehnat hamesha rang laati hai.
Hard work always pays off. - تم ہر کام میں ٹال مٹول کیوں کرتے ہو؟
tum har kaam mein taal matol kyun karte ho?
Why do you postpone every task?
3. Idioms for Emotions and Reactions
Emotions are often expressed through idioms. These give color and intensity to your Urdu.
3.1 Happiness, excitement, and satisfaction
| Idiom (Urdu) | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Real meaning / usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| خوشی سے پھولے نہ سمانا | khushi se phoolay na samaana | to swell with joy and not fit | to be extremely happy |
| دل باغ باغ ہونا | dil baagh baagh hona | heart becomes a garden | to feel very happy and fresh |
| جی خوش ہونا | ji khush hona | heart/soul becomes happy | to feel pleased or satisfied |
| جان میں جان آنا | jaan mein jaan aana | life comes into life | to feel relieved after stress |
Examples
- امتحان میں کامیاب ہوکر وہ خوشی سے پھولے نہ سما رہا تھا۔
imtihaan mein kaamyaab hokar woh khushi se phoolay na sama raha tha.
After passing the exam he was overjoyed. - تمہاری خبر سن کر میرا دل باغ باغ ہوگیا۔
tumhari khabar sunkar mera dil baagh baagh ho gaya.
After hearing your news I felt very happy. - اس کی آواز سن کر جان میں جان آگئی۔
us ki awaaz sunkar jaan mein jaan aa gayi.
Hearing his voice I felt alive again, I was relieved.
3.2 Anger, fear, and sadness
| Idiom (Urdu) | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Real meaning / usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| خون کھولنا | khoon kholna | blood boils | to be very angry |
| آگ بگولا ہونا | aag bagoLa hona | to become fire whirlwind | to become furious |
| دل بیٹھ جانا | dil baith jaana | heart sits down | to feel suddenly very sad or disappointed |
| پسینے چھوٹ جانا | paseenay chhoot jaana | sweat breaks out | to be very scared or extremely nervous |
| ہوش اُڑ جانا | hosh ur jaana | senses fly away | to be shocked or terrified |
Examples
- دھوکہ سن کر اس کا خون کھول اٹھا۔
dhokha sunkar us ka khoon khol utha.
His blood boiled when he heard about the betrayal. - اچانک خبر سن کر میرا دل بیٹھ گیا۔
achanak khabar sunkar mera dil baith gaya.
Hearing the sudden news I felt completely down. - انٹرویو میں میرا برا حال تھا، پسینے چھوٹ گئے۔
interview mein mera bura haal tha, paseenay chhoot gaye.
In the interview I was in a bad state, I was sweating with nerves. - اس کو اتنا غصہ آیا کہ وہ آگ بگولا ہوگیا۔
us ko itna ghussa aaya ke woh aag bagoLa ho gaya.
He became so angry that he was furious.
4. Idioms about Speaking and Communication
These idioms describe how people speak, keep secrets, or behave in conversation.
4.1 Speaking honestly or dishonestly
| Idiom (Urdu) | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Real meaning / usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| دل کی بات کہنا | dil ki baat kehna | to say the heart's words | to speak honestly, to share true feelings |
| بات گھما پھرا کر کہنا | baat ghuma phira kar kehna | to say the matter round and round | to speak indirectly, not directly |
| بات کا بتنگڑ بنانا | baat ka batangar banana | to make a big stick from a talk | to exaggerate a small issue |
| صاف صاف کہنا | saaf saaf kehna | to say clearly | to speak very clearly, frankly |
| منہ میں گھول کر بات کرنا | munh mein ghol kar baat karna | to dissolve in the mouth and speak | to speak very politely and sweetly |
Examples
- بات گھما پھرا کر مت کہو، صاف صاف بتاؤ۔
baat ghuma phira kar mat kaho, saaf saaf batao.
Do not speak in a roundabout way, tell me clearly. - اس نے آخرکار دل کی بات کہہ دی۔
us ne aakhirkaar dil ki baat keh di.
At last he spoke his true feelings. - وہ ہمیشہ منہ میں گھول کر بات کرتی ہیں۔
woh hamesha munh mein ghol kar baat karti hain.
She always speaks very sweetly and politely. - چھوٹی سی بات کا بتنگڑ مت بناؤ۔
chhoti si baat ka batangar mat banao.
Do not make a big issue out of a small thing.
4.2 Secrets and gossip
| Idiom (Urdu) | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Real meaning / usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| دل میں رکھنا | dil mein rakhna | to keep in the heart | to keep a secret |
| زبان پر تالہ لگانا | zabaan par taala lagaana | to put a lock on the tongue | to remain silent, not speak |
| بھیدی سانپ | bhaidi saanp | insider snake | a person who knows secrets and can betray |
| کان میں بات کرنا | kaan mein baat karna | to speak in the ear | to whisper, to speak secretly |
| کسی کا بھانڈا پھوڑ دینا | kisi ka bhaanda phor dena | to break someone's pot | to reveal someone's secret or lie |
Examples
- یہ بات صرف تمہیں بتا رہی ہوں، دل میں رکھنا۔
ye baat sirf tumhein bata rahi hun, dil mein rakhna.
I am telling this only to you, keep it to yourself. - جب تک وقت نہ آئے، زبان پر تالہ لگائے رکھو۔
jab tak waqt na aaye, zabaan par taala lagaaye rakho.
Until the right time comes, keep your mouth shut. - اس نے میٹنگ میں سب کا بھانڈا پھوڑ دیا۔
us ne meeting mein sab ka bhaanda phor diya.
He exposed everyone in the meeting.
5. Idioms about Relationships and Social Life
These idioms talk about friendship, respect, and social distance or closeness.
5.1 Friendship and closeness
| Idiom (Urdu) | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Real meaning / usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| جان سے پیارا | jaan se pyara | dearer than life | very beloved, extremely dear |
| جان کا دشمن | jaan ka dushman | enemy of life | someone who causes a lot of trouble, said jokingly or seriously |
| گہرے تعلقات | gehre talluqaat | deep relations | strong relationships |
| خون کا رشتہ | khoon ka rishta | blood relation | family relationship |
| دل سے دل کا رشتہ | dil se dil ka rishta | heart to heart relation | very emotional or close bond |
Examples
- میرا سب سے اچھا دوست میرے لیے جان سے پیارا ہے۔
mera sab se achchha dost mere liye jaan se pyara hai.
My best friend is dearer to me than life. - وہ تو تمہارے ساتھ بچپن سے ہے، گہرے تعلقات ہیں۔
woh to tumhare saath bachpan se hai, gehre talluqaat hain.
He has been with you since childhood, you have deep ties. - ہمارے درمیان صرف خون کا رشتہ نہیں، دل سے دل کا رشتہ بھی ہے۔
hamare darmiyan sirf khoon ka rishta nahi, dil se dil ka rishta bhi hai.
Between us there is not only a blood relation, but also a heart to heart bond.
5.2 Distance, rudeness, and conflict
| Idiom (Urdu) | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Real meaning / usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| منہ موڑ لینا | munh mod lena | to turn the face away | to ignore someone, to break contact |
| آنکھیں دکھانا | aankhen dikhaana | to show eyes | to glare, to show anger or disrespect |
| بات بڑھ جانا | baat barh jaana | the matter grows | conflict becomes bigger |
| دل سے اتر جانا | dil se utar jaana | to come down from the heart | to lose respect or love for someone |
| منہ لگنا | munh lagna | to touch the mouth | to give too much attention or importance to someone, often a rude or childish person |
Examples
- چھوٹی سی بات پر منہ مت मोڑو۔
chhoti si baat par munh mat moddo.
Do not turn away because of a small issue. - وہ ہر بات پر آنکھیں دکھانے لگتا ہے۔
woh har baat par aankhen dikhaane lagta hai.
He starts glaring on every little thing. - اس کی حرکتوں سے وہ میرے دل سے اتر گیا۔
us ki harkaton se woh mere dil se utar gaya.
Because of his behavior he lost my respect. - ایسے لوگوں سے بحث نہ کرو، ان کے منہ مت لگو۔
aise logon se behas na karo, un ke munh mat lago.
Do not argue with such people, do not give them attention.
6. Idioms about Time, Work, and Responsibility
These idioms help you sound natural when talking about deadlines, work, and responsibility.
6.1 Time, speed, and delay
| Idiom (Urdu) | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Real meaning / usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| وقت پر قابو پانا | waqt par qaabu paana | to control time | to manage time well |
| وقت پر ہاتھ ڈالنا | waqt par haath daalna | to put hand at the right time | to act at the right moment |
| دیر ہوجانا | der ho jana | to become late | to be late, often too late |
| ہاتھ سے موقع نکل جانا | haath se mauqa nikal jaana | the opportunity goes out of hand | to miss a chance |
Examples
- اگر تم وقت پر ہاتھ ڈالوگے تو مسئلہ حل ہوسکتا ہے۔
agar tum waqt par haath daalogay to masla hal ho sakta hai.
If you act at the right time the problem can be solved. - اب شکایت کرنے کا فائدہ نہیں، دیر ہوچکی ہے۔
ab shikayat karne ka faayda nahi, der ho chuki hai.
Complaining now is useless, it is already late. - میں نے نوکری کا فارم جمع نہیں کرایا، ہاتھ سے موقع نکل گیا۔
maine naukri ka form jama nahi karaaya, haath se mauqa nikal gaya.
I did not submit the job form, I missed the opportunity.
6.2 Responsibility, burden, and pressure
| Idiom (Urdu) | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Real meaning / usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| بوجھ اٹھانا | bojh uthaana | to carry a burden | to take responsibility, to endure difficulty |
| کندھے سے کندھا ملا کر | kandhe se kandha mila kar | shoulder to shoulder | to work together, cooperate fully |
| سر پر کام کا بوجھ ہونا | sar par kaam ka bojh hona | work burden on the head | to be overloaded with work |
| کمر ٹوٹ جانا | kamar toot jaana | back breaks | to be extremely tired from work or responsibility |
Examples
- اس پروجیکٹ کا بوجھ اکیلے مت اٹھاؤ۔
is project ka bojh akele mat uthao.
Do not carry the burden of this project alone. - اگر ہم سب کندھے سے کندھا ملا کر چلیں گے تو کامیاب ہوں گے۔
agar hum sab kandhe se kandha mila kar chalenge to kaamyaab honge.
If we all work shoulder to shoulder we will succeed. - اس ہفتے سر پر کام کا بوجھ ہے، کہیں جا نہیں سکتا۔
is haftay sar par kaam ka bojh hai, kahin ja nahi sakta.
This week I am under a lot of work pressure, I cannot go anywhere. - پورا دن کھڑے رہ کر میری کمر ٹوٹ گئی۔
poora din kharay reh kar meri kamar toot gayi.
After standing all day my back is breaking, I am exhausted.
7. Idioms of Success, Failure, and Luck
These idioms are useful when talking about results, achievements, and chances.
7.1 Success and achievement
| Idiom (Urdu) | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Real meaning / usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| نام روشن کرنا | naam roshan karna | to make the name bright | to bring honor, to make someone proud |
| بازی جیت جانا | baazi jeet jaana | to win the game | to win, to succeed, often in competition |
| بازی پلٹ دینا | baazi palat dena | to turn the game | to completely change the situation, in your favor |
| میدان مار لینا | maidaan maar lena | to take the field | to win clearly, to dominate |
Examples
- اس نے مقابلے میں جیت کر والدین کا نام روشن کیا۔
us ne muqable mein jeet kar waalidayn ka naam roshan kiya.
He made his parents proud by winning the competition. - شروع میں ہم پیچھے تھے، لیکن آخر میں ہم نے بازی پلٹ دی۔
shuru mein hum peeche thay, lekin aakhir mein hum ne baazi palat di.
At first we were behind, but in the end we turned the game around. - اس سپیچ میں تو تم نے میدان مار لیا۔
is speech mein to tum ne maidaan maar liya.
In this speech you completely won, you were the best.
7.2 Failure and bad luck
| Idiom (Urdu) | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Real meaning / usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| منہ کی کھانا | munh ki khaana | to eat with the mouth | to be defeated, to face loss or insult |
| پانی پھر جانا | paani phir jaana | water goes over it | plan fails, effort is wasted |
| ہاتھ ملتے رہ جانا | haath milte reh jaana | to keep rubbing hands | to regret, to be left helpless after losing a chance |
| قسمت کا ساتھ نہ دینا | qismat ka saath na dena | fate does not support | to be unlucky |
Examples
- وہ بہت پر اعتماد تھا لیکن آخر میں منہ کی کھانی پڑی۔
woh bohat pur-aitemaad tha lekin aakhir mein munh ki khaani padi.
He was very confident but in the end he had to face defeat. - بارش سے سارے انتظامات پر پانی پھر گیا۔
baarish se saare intizaamaat par paani phir gaya.
Because of the rain all the arrangements were ruined. - فارم وقت پر نہ بھیج کر اب ہاتھ ملتے رہو گے۔
form waqt par na bhej kar ab haath milte raho ge.
Now you will only regret not sending the form on time. - میں نے پوری کوشش کی، لیکن اس بار قسمت نے ساتھ نہیں دیا۔
maine poori koshish ki, lekin is baar qismat ne saath nahi diya.
I tried my best, but this time luck did not support me.
8. Politeness, Softening, and Tone in Idioms
Some idioms help you speak more politely or gently, especially when giving advice or criticism. As an intermediate learner you can begin to use them to sound more natural.
| Idiom (Urdu) | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Real meaning / usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| ہاتھ ہولا رکھنا | haath hola rakhna | keep the hand light | to be gentle, not too strict or harsh |
| نرم لہجہ اختیار کرنا | narm lehja ikhtiyaar karna | to adopt a soft tone | to speak kindly, not rudely |
| بات کو دل پر نہ لینا | baat ko dil par na lena | do not take the talk on the heart | do not take it personally, do not feel hurt |
| اپنی حد میں رہنا | apni had mein rehna | stay in your own limit | to know your place, not to cross limits |
Examples
- بچوں کے ساتھ ہاتھ ہولا رکھا کرو۔
bachon ke saath haath hola rakha karo.
Be gentle with children. - میری بات کو دل پر مت لو، میں صرف مشورہ دے رہا ہوں۔
meri baat ko dil par mat lo, main sirf mashwara de raha hun.
Do not take my words personally, I am only giving advice. - میٹنگ میں سب سے کہہ دو کہ نرم لہجہ اختیار کریں۔
meeting mein sab se keh do ke narm lehja ikhtiyaar karein.
Tell everyone in the meeting to use a soft tone. - ہمیں ہمیشہ اپنی حد میں رہ کر بات کرنی چاہیے۔
hamein hamesha apni had mein reh kar baat karni chahiye.
We should always speak within our limits.
9. How to Learn and Use Urdu Idioms
Idioms are advanced tools for expression. At B1 level you do not need to know hundreds, but you should start to recognize and use some common ones.
Practical rules for using idioms
- Understand first, use later.
Use an idiom only after you clearly understand its meaning and tone. - Match the situation.
Some idioms are informal or joking. Avoid them in very formal situations. - Do not translate word by word.
Remember that idioms usually do not match their literal meanings. - Learn in sentences, not lists.
Always learn an idiom with at least one full example sentence.
A simple way to practice:
- Choose 3 idioms that you like.
- Write 2 new sentences for each idiom, related to your own life.
- Try to use them in conversation with a teacher, friend, or language partner.
Example practice:
- Idiom: جان میں جان آنا
- جب اس کا میسج آیا تو جان میں جان آگئی۔
When his message came I felt relieved. - ڈاکٹر نے کہا کہ سب ٹھیک ہے، تب میری جان میں جان آئی۔
The doctor said everything is fine, then I finally relaxed.
Vocabulary List for This Chapter
The following table lists new or important words that appear often in the idioms of this chapter.
| Urdu | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| معاملہ | maamla | matter, issue |
| عادت | aadat | habit |
| مدد | madad | help |
| صاف دل | saaf dil | pure-hearted |
| کڑوا | karwa | bitter |
| سیدھا سادہ | seedha saadha | simple, naive |
| تیز (زبان) | taiz (zabaan) | sharp (tongue) |
| دماغ | dimagh | brain, mind |
| محنت | mehnat | hard work |
| ٹال مٹول | taal matol | delaying, procrastination |
| خوشی | khushi | happiness |
| باغ | baagh | garden |
| جان | jaan | life, soul |
| خون | khoon | blood |
| غصہ | ghussa | anger |
| پسینہ | paseena | sweat |
| ہوش | hosh | senses, consciousness |
| گھما پھرا کر | ghuma phira kar | in a roundabout way |
| صاف صاف | saaf saaf | clearly, frankly |
| تالہ | taala | lock |
| بھانڈا | bhaanda | pot, container |
| تعلقات | talluqaat | relations |
| رشتہ | rishta | relationship |
| منہ موڑ لینا | munh mod lena | to turn away |
| بوجھ | bojh | burden |
| کندھا | kandha | shoulder |
| میدان | maidaan | field, ground |
| مقابلہ | muqabLa | competition |
| انتظامات | intizaamaat | arrangements |
| قسمت | qismat | fate, luck |
| نرم | narm | soft |
| لہجہ | lehja | tone (of speech) |
| حد | had | limit, boundary |
| افسوس | afsos | regret, pity |
| دشمن | dushman | enemy |
| دھوکہ | dhokha | deceit, betrayal |
Use this vocabulary list when you review the idioms. Try to read the idioms again and check how these words create the feeling or image behind each expression.