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4.10 Presentation Skills

Overview of Presentation Skills in Urdu

In the upper intermediate stages of Urdu, you are expected not only to understand and respond, but also to speak at length on a topic. This chapter focuses on how to prepare and deliver structured monologues and short presentations in Urdu, with clear organization, logical flow, and appropriate language.

We will not teach you basic grammar again. Instead, we will focus on presentation-specific tools: how to open, structure, signpost, and close a talk, and how to sound confident and coherent in extended speech.

Key goal: By the end of this chapter, you should be able to give a 3 to 5 minute talk in Urdu on a familiar topic, with a clear beginning, middle, and end, using appropriate linking phrases and signposting language.


Types of Presentations You Will Give in Urdu

In real life and in exams you are likely to give:

Each type uses mostly the same structure: introduction, main points, conclusion, but the language focus shifts slightly.

Example topics suitable for B2 level

When you practice, always pick a clear and limited topic. Do not try to cover everything.


Structuring a Presentation in Urdu

A clear structure helps your audience follow you, and it also helps you remember what to say. A very useful pattern is:

  1. Introduction
  2. Main part (2 or 3 points, each with examples)
  3. Conclusion

Basic structure template in Urdu

PartPurposeExample Urdu phrase (Roman)Translation
OpeningGreet, state topicآج میں اس موضوع پر بات کروں گاToday I will talk about this topic
OverviewShow structureپہلے، پھر، آخر میںFirst, then, finally
Point 1Main idea + explanationسب سے پہلے، میں بات کروں گا…First of all, I will talk about…
Point 2Second idea + exampleدوسرا اہم نکتہ یہ ہے کہ…The second important point is that…
Point 3 (opt.)Third ideaتیسری بات یہ ہے کہ…The third point is that…
SummaryRepeat main ideas brieflyخلاصہ یہ ہے کہ…In summary…
ClosingFinal comment, thanksآپ کا بہت شکریہThank you very much

Core rule: Always tell the audience
1) what you are going to say,
2) say it,
3) remind them what you said.


Useful Phrases for Opening a Presentation

In Urdu, the tone of your opening can be very formal or semi-formal. At B2 you should be comfortable with polite but not overly flowery openings.

Greeting and starting

FunctionUrdu (Nastaliq)Roman UrduEnglish
Formal greetingالسلام علیکمassalāmu ʿalaikumPeace be upon you
Response (if needed)وعلیکم السلامwa ʿalaikum assalāmAnd peace be upon you too
Semi-formal greetingسب کو سلامsab ko salāmGreetings to everyone
Starting politelyسب سے پہلے، میں آپ سب کا شکریہ ادا کرنا چاہوں گاsab se pehle, main āp sab ka shukriya adā karnā chāhū̃ gāFirst of all, I would like to thank you all
Stating purposeآج میں آپ کے سامنے اس موضوع پر بات کروں گاāj main āp ke sāmne is mawzū par bāt karū̃ gāToday I will talk in front of you about this topic
Naming the topicمیرا موضوع ہے، "آن لائن تعلیم"merā mawzū hai, "online taʿlīm"My topic is "online education"

Signposting the structure at the beginning

Give a short roadmap in simple Urdu.

Examples:

    • Urdu: آج کی تقریر کو میں تین حصّوں میں تقسیم کروں گا۔
    • Roman: āj kī taqrīr ko main tīn hisson mein taqseem karū̃ gā.
    • English: I will divide today's talk into three parts.
    • Urdu: پہلے میں پس منظر بیان کروں گا، پھر فائدوں پر بات کروں گا، اور آخر میں اپنی رائے دوں گا۔
    • Roman: pehle main pas-e-manzar bayān karū̃ gā, phir fāidon par bāt karū̃ gā, aur ākhir mein apnī rāe dū̃ gā.
    • English: First I will give the background, then I will talk about the advantages, and finally I will give my opinion.

Signposting Language During the Presentation

Signposting means using phrases that tell the listener where you are in your talk. This is very important in Urdu monologues because long sentences and many clauses can confuse listeners.

Moving from one point to another

FunctionUrdu (Nastaliq)Roman UrduEnglish
First pointسب سے پہلےsab se pehleFirst of all
Second pointدوسرا نکتہ یہ ہے کہdūsrā nukta ye hai keThe second point is that
Third pointتیسری بات یہ ہے کہtīsri bāt ye hai keThe third point is that
Adding another pointاس کے علاوہis ke ilāwaIn addition, besides this
Introducing an exampleمثال کے طور پرmisāl ke taur parFor example
Giving a personal exampleاپنی زندگی سے مثال دوں توapnī zindagī se misāl dū̃ toIf I give an example from my own life
Moving to a different aspectاب میں ایک اور پہلو کی طرف آتا ہوںab main ek aur pehlu kī taraf ātā hū̃Now I come to another aspect
Emphasizing importanceیہاں یہ بات بہت اہم ہے کہyahā̃ ye bāt bohot aham hai keHere it is very important that

Clarifying and reformulating

Sometimes you need to say something again in a simpler way to keep your listeners with you.


FunctionUrduRoman UrduEnglish
Saying it differentlyدوسرے لفظوں میںdūsre lafzon meinIn other words
To make it clearآسان لفظوں میں کہوں توāsān lafzon mein kahū̃ toTo put it in simple words
What I mean isمیرا مطلب یہ ہے کہmerā matlab ye hai keWhat I mean is that
Let me repeatمیں دوبارہ عرض کروں گا کہmain dobārā arz karū̃ gā keI will say again that

Presenting Arguments and Opinions

At B2 level you must give opinions and support them with reasons and examples. You already know many of the basic structures for expressing opinion, so here we focus on how to use them inside a longer talk.

Stating your opinion clearly

FunctionUrduRoman UrduEnglish
In my opinionمیری رائے میںmerī rāe meinIn my opinion
From my point of viewمیری نظر میںmerī nazar meinFrom my point of view
I personally thinkمیں ذاتی طور پر سمجھتا ہوں کہmain zātī taur par samajhtā hū̃ keI personally think that
I strongly believeمیرا پختہ یقین ہے کہmerā pukhta yaqīn hai keI firmly believe that

Giving reasons and consequences

FunctionUrduRoman UrduEnglish
Becauseکیونکہ / کیوں کہkyū̃ke / kyū̃ keBecause
Therefore / soاس لیےis liyeTherefore, so
As a resultاس کا نتیجہ یہ نکلا کہis kā natīja ye niklā keAs a result
On the one handایک طرفek tarafOn one side, on the one hand
On the other handدوسری طرفdūsrī tarafOn the other hand
The main reason is thatاس کی سب سے بڑی وجہ یہ ہے کہis kī sab se baṛī wajah ye hai keThe biggest reason for this is that

Example of an argument sequence

Topic: "Social media and teenagers"

    • میری رائے میں سوشل میڈیا کے نوجوانوں پر گہرے اثرات پڑتے ہیں۔
    • merī rāe mein social media ke nojawānon par gehre asrāt paṛte hain.
    • In my opinion, social media has deep effects on teenagers.
    • اس کی سب سے بڑی وجہ یہ ہے کہ اب زیادہ تر میل جول آن لائن ہوتا ہے۔
    • is kī sab se baṛī wajah ye hai ke ab zyada tar mail-milāp online hotā hai.
    • The biggest reason is that now most social interaction happens online.
    • مثال کے طور پر، بہت سے طلبہ گھنٹوں موبائل پر رہتے ہیں۔
    • misāl ke taur par, bohot se talabā ghaṇṭon mobile par rehte hain.
    • For example, many students spend hours on their phones.
    • اس کا نتیجہ یہ نکل سکتا ہے کہ وہ پڑھائی میں پیچھے رہ جائیں۔
    • is kā natīja ye nikal saktā hai ke woh paṛhāī mein pīchhe reh jāẽ.
    • The result can be that they fall behind in their studies.

Managing Time and Length

When you speak at length in Urdu, you must control how long each section is. A simple method is to divide your time into three equal parts.

Suppose you have 3 minutes. You can imagine a simple "equation" for time:

$$
T_{\text{total}} = T_{\text{intro}} + T_{\text{main}} + T_{\text{conclusion}}
$$

For 3 minutes:

Practical rule: Spend most of your time on 2 or 3 main points. Do not try to mention 6 or 7 points. Depth is better than quantity.

Example outline for a 3 minute talk

Topic: "Advantages of learning Urdu"

Cohesion: Linking Your Ideas Smoothly

For extended speech, cohesion is essential. You already know basic conjunctions, so here the focus is on variety and smoothness.

Common linking phrases useful in presentations

MeaningUrdu (Nastaliq)Roman Urdu
First / firstlyسب سے پہلےsab se pehle
Then / nextاس کے بعدis ke bād
After thatپھرphir
In additionاس کے علاوہis ke ilāwa
Moreover / furthermoreمزید یہ کہmazeed ye ke
On the one handایک طرفek taraf
On the other handدوسری طرفdūsrī taraf
However / butلیکنlekin
Althoughاگرچہagarche
In shortمختصراًmukhtasaran
In summaryخلاصہ یہ ہے کہkhulāsa ye hai ke
Finallyآخر میںākhir mein

Mini practice example

Connect these sentences with appropriate linkers.

  1. People use mobile phones a lot. They waste time.
  2. Online education is convenient. Some students feel lonely.

Possible answer in Urdu:

Strategies for Speaking Fluently at Length

Fluency in a presentation is not only about grammar. It is also about strategies for continuing when you forget a word or need time to think.

Buying thinking time

Use "filler" expressions that sound natural in Urdu.

FunctionUrduRoman UrduEnglish
Let me thinkذرا سوچنے دیںzarā sochne dē̃Let me think
How should I say thisمیں اسے کیسے کہوںmain ise kaise kahū̃How should I say this
One momentایک لمحہek lamhaOne moment
Actuallyدراصلdar aslActually
In factحقیقت میںhaqīqat meinIn fact
As I was sayingجیسا کہ میں عرض کر رہا تھاjaisā ke main arz kar rahā thāAs I was saying

Circumlocution: talking around unknown words

If you do not know the exact word, describe it.

Example:

You forget the word "pollution" (آلودگی).

You can say:

Or:

This keeps your presentation moving even if your vocabulary is limited.


Tone, Politeness, and Audience Awareness

In Urdu, the way you address the audience is very important. For most presentation contexts at B2 level, you should use the polite plural form آپ.

Addressing the audience

FunctionUrduRoman UrduEnglish
Addressing generallyمحترم حاضرینmuhtaram hāzirīnRespected audience
Ladies and gentlemenخواتین و حضراتkhawātīn o hazrātLadies and gentlemen
Dear studentsعزیز طلبہazīz talabāDear students
Dear friendsعزیز دوستوazīz dostoDear friends

Polite requests and questions in a presentation

You may sometimes ask the audience to imagine something or to think about a question.

Examples:

Effective Conclusions

Your conclusion should not introduce completely new ideas. Its function is to remind the audience of what they heard and to leave a strong final impression.

Steps for a strong conclusion

  1. Signal that you are finishing.
  2. Summarize your main points.
  3. Give a final thought or recommendation.
  4. Thank the audience.

Useful conclusion phrases

FunctionUrduRoman UrduEnglish
Signalling the endآخر میں، میں یہ کہنا چاہوں گا کہākhir mein, main ye kehna chāhū̃ gā keIn the end, I would like to say that
In conclusionنتیجتاًnatījatanIn conclusion
In shortمختصراًmukhtasaranIn short
We can say thatہم یہ کہہ سکتے ہیں کہham ye keh saktē hain keWe can say that
Thanking the audienceآپ سب کا بہت شکریہāp sab kā bohot shukriyaThank you all very much
Ending very politelyاللہ آپ کو خوش رکھےAllāh āp ko khush rakheMay God keep you happy

Example conclusion paragraph

Roman:

Sample Mini Presentation (Model)

Below is a short model presentation text. It is slightly simplified but shows structure and signposting.

Topic: "Why reading books is important"

Urdu:

السلام علیکم۔ آج میرا موضوع ہے "کتابیں پڑھنے کی اہمیت"۔ سب سے پہلے، میں آپ کو بتاؤں گا کہ کتابیں ہمیں کیا دیتی ہیں۔ پھر میں نوجوانوں کے بارے میں بات کروں گا، اور آخر میں مختصر سا خلاصہ پیش کروں گا۔

سب سے پہلے، کتابیں ہمارے علم میں اضافہ کرتی ہیں۔ جب ہم مختلف موضوعات پر کتابیں پڑھتے ہیں، تو ہمیں نئی معلومات ملتی ہیں۔ مثال کے طور پر، اگر کوئی تاریخ کی کتاب پڑھے، تو وہ صرف ماضی کے بارے میں نہیں سیکھتا بلکہ حال کو بھی بہتر سمجھ سکتا ہے۔

دوسرا نکتہ یہ ہے کہ کتابیں ہماری سوچ بدل سکتی ہیں۔ جب ہم کہانیاں پڑھتے ہیں تو ہمیں دوسرے لوگوں کے تجربات کا پتہ چلتا ہے۔ اس کے نتیجے میں ہم زیادہ برداشت اور سمجھ پیدا کر سکتے ہیں۔ اپنی زندگی سے مثال دوں تو، میں نے جب ایک ناول پڑھا تو مجھے احساس ہوا کہ غریب لوگوں کی مشکلات کیا ہوتی ہیں۔

تیسری بات یہ ہے کہ کتابیں ہماری زبان کو مضبوط بناتی ہیں۔ جو لوگ زیادہ پڑھتے ہیں، وہ بہتر طریقے سے لکھ اور بول سکتے ہیں۔ اس کے علاوہ، وہ دوسروں کے ساتھ زیادہ مؤثر انداز میں گفتگو کر سکتے ہیں۔

مختصراً، ہم یہ کہہ سکتے ہیں کہ کتابیں علم، سوچ اور زبان تینوں کے لیے ضروری ہیں۔ میری رائے میں، ہر نوجوان کو روزانہ تھوڑا وقت ضرور کتاب کے لیے نکالنا چاہیے۔ آپ سب کا بہت شکریہ۔

Roman:

assalāmu ʿalaikum. āj merā mawzū hai "kitābẽ paṛhne kī ahmiyat". sab se pehle, main āp ko batāū̃ gā ke kitābẽ hamẽ kyā detī hain. phir main nojawānõ ke bāre mein bāt karū̃ gā, aur ākhir mein mukhtasar sā khulāsa pesh karū̃ gā.

sab se pehle, kitābẽ hamāre ʿilm mein izāfa kartī hain. jab ham mukhtalif mawzūʿāt par kitābẽ paṛhte hain, to hamẽ nī mālūmāt miltī hain. misāl ke taur par, agar koī tārīkh kī kitāb paṛhe, to woh sirf māzī ke bāre mein nahī̃ seekhtā balki hāl ko bhī behtar samajh saktā hai.

dūsrā nukta ye hai ke kitābẽ hamārī soch badal saktī haĩ. jab ham kahāniyā̃ paṛhte hain to hamẽ dūsre logõ ke tajurbe kā pata chaltā hai. is ke natīje mein ham zyada bardāshat aur samajh paidā kar saktē hain. apnī zindagī se misāl dū̃ to, main ne jab ek nāwal paṛhā to mujhe ehsaas huā ke gharīb logõ kī mushkilāt kyā hotī haĩ.

tīsri bāt ye hai ke kitābẽ hamārī zabān ko mazbūt banātī haĩ. jo log zyada paṛhte hain, woh behtar tarīqe se likh aur bol saktē hain. is ke ilāwa, woh dūsrõ ke sāth zyada moʾassar andāz mein guftagū kar saktē hain.

mukhtasaran, ham ye keh saktē hain ke kitābẽ ʿilm, soch aur zabān tīnō̃ ke liye zarūrī haĩ. merī rāe mein, har nojawān ko rozāna thoṛā waqt zarūr kitāb ke liye nikālnā chāhiye. āp sab kā bohot shukriya.


Practice Ideas

To really learn presentation skills, you must practice speaking, not just reading.

Here are some practice tasks:

  1. One-minute monologues
    Choose a simple topic like "My favorite city" and speak for 60 seconds using at least three signposting phrases: سب سے پہلے, اس کے بعد, آخر میں.
  2. Expand a paragraph to a presentation
    Take a short paragraph you wrote before and turn it into a 3-part talk with an introduction and conclusion.
  3. Record and analyze
    Record yourself giving a 3 minute talk. Listen and write down which linking words you used. Then try again and add two or three new ones.
  4. Use a fixed template
    Always start with a memorized opening and ending so you feel confident, and vary only the middle content.

Vocabulary List for This Chapter

Below is a list of useful presentation-related vocabulary and phrases introduced or emphasized in this chapter.

Urdu (Nastaliq)Roman UrduPart of speech / typeEnglish meaning
تقریرtaqrīrnounspeech, address
موضوعmawzūnountopic, subject
حاضرینhāzirīnnoun pluralaudience
محترمmuhtaramadjectiverespected, honorable
خواتین و حضراتkhawātīn o hazrātphraseladies and gentlemen
خلاصہkhulāsanounsummary
نتیجہnatījanounresult
نتیجتاًnatījatanadverbas a result, in conclusion
پس منظرpas-e-manzarnounbackground (context)
پہلوpehlunounaspect, side
نکتہnuktanounpoint (idea)
مثالmisālnounexample
ذاتی طور پرzātī taur parphrasepersonally
رائےrāenounopinion
میرا مطلب یہ ہے کہmerā matlab ye hai kephrasewhat I mean is that
دوسرے لفظوں میںdūsre lafzon meinphrasein other words
آسان لفظوں میںāsān lafzon meinphrasein simple words
اس کے علاوہis ke ilāwalinkerin addition, besides this
مزید یہ کہmazeed ye kelinkermoreover, furthermore
مختصراًmukhtasaranlinker / adverbin short, briefly
چنانچہchanānchelinkertherefore, thus
اس لیےis liyelinkerso, therefore
ایک طرفek taraflinkeron one hand
دوسری طرفdūsrī taraflinkeron the other hand
سب سے پہلےsab se pehlelinkerfirst of all
اس کے بعدis ke bādlinkerafter that, then
آخر میںākhir meinlinkerfinally, in the end
دراصلdar asladverbactually
حقیقت میںhaqīqat meinadverbin fact
لہجہlehjanountone (of speech)
مؤثرmoʾassaradjectiveeffective
خریدِ وقت (فiller)waqt ḳharīdna (filler)conceptbuying time (filler speaking)
بدیہی تقریرbadīhī taqrīrnounimpromptu speech
سامعینsāmiʿīnnoun plurallisteners, audience
جاری رکھناjārī rakhnaverb phraseto continue
تقسیم کرناtaqseem karnaverb phraseto divide, to split
زور دیناzor denaverb phraseto emphasize
اہمیتahmiyatnounimportance
مشقmashqnounpractice
پیش کرناpesh karnaverb phraseto present, to put forward
اختتامikhtitāmnounending, conclusion
خود اعتمادیkhud iʿtimādīnounself-confidence

Use this vocabulary actively in your own short talks so that the words become natural and automatic.

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