Table of Contents
Overview of Life Events in German
In everyday German, you often talk about important moments in your life. You describe when you were born, went to school, moved, fell in love, got a job, or changed countries. On the B1 level you already know basic tenses and can talk about the past in simple ways. In this chapter you expand this to talk about a whole life story, connect events and give them a clear order.
You will meet typical vocabulary for biographies and life stages, as well as useful sentence patterns that help you tell your own story and understand others when they talk about their lives.
Important aim: After this chapter you should be able to tell a simple life story in German, in the correct order, with key life vocabulary and clear time expressions.
Talking about Life Stages
German has specific words for typical stages in a person’s life. Many of these are used very often in short biographies, introductions, and interviews.
Important nouns for life stages include:
| German | English | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| die Kindheit | childhood | from birth until about 12 |
| die Jugend | youth, adolescence | teenage years |
| das Jugendalter | adolescence | a bit more formal |
| das Erwachsensein | adulthood | less common, but useful |
| das Alter | old age | also “age” in general |
| die Geburt | birth | |
| die Schulzeit | school years | time at school |
| die Studienzeit | time at university | can also be “Studium” |
| das Studium | university studies | always singular |
| die Ausbildung | vocational training | very common in German-speaking countries |
| der Lebenslauf | CV, résumé | literally “course of life” |
Typical verbs that go with these nouns help you describe your life story:
| German verb / phrase | English |
|---|---|
| geboren werden | to be born |
| aufwachsen | to grow up |
| zur Schule gehen | to go to school |
| die Schule besuchen | to attend school |
| die Schule abschließen | to finish school |
| das Abitur machen | to do / take the Abitur |
| eine Ausbildung machen | to do vocational training |
| studieren | to study at university |
| einen Beruf ergreifen | to take up a profession |
| arbeiten als … | to work as … |
| heiraten | to marry |
| Kinder bekommen | to have children |
| umziehen | to move (house, city, country) |
| in Rente gehen / pensioniert werden | to retire |
Typical pattern in biographies:
“Ich bin … geboren.”
“Ich bin in … aufgewachsen.”
Use the perfect tense to talk about completed life events.
Biographical Information: Place, Time, and Context
To describe life events, you often combine where, when, and what happened. At B1 you need a good set of time and place expressions that appear again and again in biographies.
Common time expressions for life stories:
| German | English |
|---|---|
| im Jahr 2000 | in the year 2000 |
| 2000 / 2000 geboren | in 2000 / born in 2000 |
| mit 6 Jahren | at the age of 6 |
| als Kind | as a child |
| in meiner Kindheit | in my childhood |
| als Teenager | as a teenager |
| mit 18 | at 18 |
| später | later |
| danach | after that |
| danach, später | after that, later |
| kurz danach | shortly after that |
| einige Jahre später | some years later |
| vor ein paar Jahren | a few years ago |
| vor zwei Jahren | two years ago |
| seit 2015 | since 2015 |
| seit meiner Kindheit | since my childhood |
Place expressions that are typical for life events:
| German | English |
|---|---|
| in Berlin / in Deutschland | in Berlin / in Germany |
| in einem kleinen Dorf | in a small village |
| auf dem Land | in the countryside |
| in der Stadt | in the city |
| im Ausland | abroad |
| in die Stadt ziehen | to move to the city |
| ins Ausland ziehen | to move abroad |
| nach Berlin / nach Deutschland ziehen | to move to Berlin / Germany |
Important pattern:
Use “in” with cities and countries in the dative for location (Wo?):
„Ich lebe in Berlin.“
Use “nach” with cities and countries for movement (Wohin?):
„Ich bin nach Berlin gezogen.“
Typical Life Events
To tell a life story, you combine life stages and concrete events. Here are common events in a typical biography, with verbs you will meet often:
| Area of life | Common expressions in German | English |
|---|---|---|
| Birth and origin | geboren werden, auf die Welt kommen | to be born, to come into the world |
| Family | heiraten, sich scheiden lassen, Kinder bekommen | to marry, to get divorced, to have children |
| Education | zur Schule gehen, die Schule abbrechen / abschließen, Abitur machen, studieren | to go to school, drop out / finish school, do A-levels, study |
| Training & work | eine Ausbildung machen, ein Praktikum machen, einen Job finden, arbeitslos sein, sich bewerben | to do training, do an internship, find a job, be unemployed, apply |
| Moving & living | umziehen, ins Ausland gehen, wieder zurückkommen | to move, go abroad, come back again |
| Personal milestones | den Führerschein machen, ein Haus kaufen, ein eigenes Unternehmen gründen | to get a driving licence, buy a house, start your own company |
| Health & change | krank werden, gesund werden, eine schwere Zeit haben | to become ill, get healthy, have a hard time |
| New beginnings | neu anfangen, ein neues Leben beginnen | to start again, begin a new life |
Example mini biography in simple form:
„Ich bin 1995 in Köln geboren. In meiner Kindheit habe ich in einem kleinen Dorf auf dem Land gelebt. Mit sechs Jahren bin ich in die Grundschule gekommen. Später habe ich eine Ausbildung als Koch gemacht und in verschiedenen Restaurants gearbeitet. Vor drei Jahren bin ich nach Berlin gezogen und habe dort eine neue Stelle gefunden.“
Ordering Life Events Clearly
When you speak about your life, your listener needs a clear time line. You can create this with simple connectors and time adverbs that show the order of events.
Useful connectors for life events:
| German | English | Use |
|---|---|---|
| zuerst | first, first of all | to start a sequence |
| am Anfang | at the beginning | often at the start of a story |
| dann | then | neutral, very common |
| danach | after that | neutral, very common |
| später | later | for a bigger jump in time |
| danach, später | after that, later | often combined |
| schließlich | finally, eventually | for the end of a story |
| am Ende | in the end | to close the story |
Typical patterns:
„Zuerst habe ich in einem kleinen Dorf gewohnt, dann bin ich in die Stadt gezogen.“
„Später habe ich in Berlin studiert. Danach habe ich dort gearbeitet.“
Important: In written or careful spoken German, time expressions and connectors often stand at the beginning of the sentence, and then the conjugated verb comes immediately after them.
Example:
„Zuerst bin ich zur Schule gegangen, danach habe ich studiert.“
Short Life Stories and Biographical Texts
At B1 you meet short texts that describe a whole life or part of it. These can be:
- short biographies of famous people
- personal profiles for a course or a website
- short CV style descriptions in continuous text
Typical elements that you should recognize and also use yourself are:
• Basic data: birth, place, family background
• Education and training
• Professional life
• Important changes, like moving or changing jobs
• Present situation and sometimes future plans
Typical introductory phrases in a life story:
| German | English |
|---|---|
| Er / Sie wurde 1980 in Hamburg geboren. | He / She was born in 1980 in Hamburg. |
| Schon als Kind interessierte er sich für Musik. | Even as a child he was interested in music. |
| Nach der Schule machte sie eine Ausbildung als … | After school she did training as … |
| Später arbeitete er als … | Later he worked as … |
| Im Jahr 2010 zog sie nach Berlin. | In 2010 she moved to Berlin. |
| Heute lebt er in Wien und arbeitet als … | Today he lives in Vienna and works as … |
Even when you do not yet use all complex structures, you can already form understandable texts with these basic patterns.
Describing Turning Points and Changes
Life events are often important because they change something. German uses some common verbs and phrases to show that something in life has taken a new direction.
Important verbs for change:
| German | English |
|---|---|
| sich verändern | to change (intransitive or reflexive) |
| wechseln | to change, to switch |
| den Beruf wechseln | to change jobs |
| umziehen | to move (to another place) |
| wegziehen | to move away |
| ausziehen | to move out (of parents’ home etc.) |
| einziehen | to move in |
| anfangen, etwas zu machen | to start to do something |
| aufhören, etwas zu machen | to stop doing something |
Typical phrases for turning points:
„Ein wichtiger Wendepunkt in meinem Leben war, als ich ins Ausland gegangen bin.“
„Mit 30 habe ich meinen Beruf gewechselt.“
„Nach einem Unfall hat sich mein Leben stark verändert.“
You can also name reasons in a simple way, even without advanced connectors:
„Ich bin nach Österreich gezogen, weil ich dort arbeiten wollte.“
„Ich habe meinen Job gewechselt, weil ich unzufrieden war.“
Comparing Past and Present in Your Life
Life stories often compare “before” and “now.” At B1 you do this with simple contrast words and the present and past forms that you already know.
Useful contrast expressions:
| German | English |
|---|---|
| früher | before, in the past |
| damals | at that time, back then |
| heute | today, now |
| jetzt | now |
| im Moment | at the moment |
| inzwischen | in the meantime, by now |
| seitdem | since then |
Example sentences:
„Früher habe ich auf dem Land gewohnt, heute lebe ich in der Stadt.“
„Damals hatte ich viel Zeit, aber wenig Geld. Jetzt ist es umgekehrt.“
„Seitdem ich Kinder habe, hat sich mein Alltag stark verändert.“
Typical pattern:
Use „früher“ / „damals“ for a time in the past, and „heute“ / „jetzt“ for the present, to show contrast in your life:
„Früher …, heute …“
Reading and Listening Strategies for Life Stories
Short life stories appear often in textbooks and exams. To understand them better, focus on:
- Time markers: years, ages, words like „mit 18“, „später“, „danach“.
- Place markers: cities, countries, words like „ins Ausland“, „nach Berlin“.
- Life stage words: Kindheit, Jugend, Ausbildung, Studium.
- Key verbs: geboren werden, aufwachsen, umziehen, arbeiten, heiraten.
You do not need to understand every detail. If you follow the time and place expressions and recognize the main verbs, you can usually reconstruct the basic life story:
- Where and when the person was born
- Where they grew up
- What they did for school and work
- Where and how they live now
This is often enough for B1 style tasks such as multiple choice, matching texts to pictures, or answering simple questions.
Writing Your Own Short Biography
To practice, you can write a simple life text about yourself. A basic structure might be:
- Birth and origin
- Childhood and youth
- Education or training
- Work and important changes
- Present situation and maybe one sentence about the future
Keep your sentences simple, use clear time expressions, and connect events with words like „zuerst“, „dann“, „später“, „heute“.
Example structure in simple German:
„Ich bin … geboren. In meiner Kindheit … Später … Danach … Heute …“
Even without complicated grammar, you can already tell a lot about your own life and understand others when they share their stories.
Vocabulary List for This Chapter
| German | English | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| die Kindheit | childhood | |
| die Jugend | youth, adolescence | |
| das Jugendalter | adolescence | more formal |
| das Erwachsensein | adulthood | |
| das Alter | old age; age | context decides |
| die Geburt | birth | |
| die Schulzeit | school years | |
| die Studienzeit | time at university | |
| das Studium | university studies | singular only |
| die Ausbildung | vocational training | important term |
| der Lebenslauf | CV, résumé | |
| geboren werden | to be born | passive form |
| aufwachsen | to grow up | strong verb |
| zur Schule gehen | to go to school | |
| die Schule besuchen | to attend school | |
| die Schule abschließen | to finish school | |
| die Schule abbrechen | to drop out of school | |
| das Abitur machen | to do / take the Abitur | German school system |
| eine Ausbildung machen | to do vocational training | |
| studieren | to study at university | |
| einen Beruf ergreifen | to take up a profession | more formal |
| arbeiten als … | to work as … | |
| heiraten | to marry | |
| Kinder bekommen | to have children | |
| umziehen | to move (house, city) | separable verb |
| wegziehen | to move away | separable verb |
| ausziehen | to move out | separable verb |
| einziehen | to move in | separable verb |
| in Rente gehen | to retire | |
| pensioniert werden | to be retired | more formal |
| im Jahr 2000 | in the year 2000 | |
| mit 6 Jahren | at the age of 6 | |
| als Kind | as a child | |
| in meiner Kindheit | in my childhood | |
| als Teenager | as a teenager | |
| später | later | |
| danach | after that | |
| kurz danach | shortly after that | |
| einige Jahre später | some years later | |
| vor ein paar Jahren | a few years ago | |
| vor zwei Jahren | two years ago | |
| seit 2015 | since 2015 | |
| seit meiner Kindheit | since my childhood | |
| in einem kleinen Dorf | in a small village | |
| auf dem Land | in the countryside | |
| in der Stadt | in the city | |
| im Ausland | abroad | |
| ins Ausland ziehen | to move abroad | |
| nach Berlin / Deutschland ziehen | to move to Berlin / Germany | |
| zur Schule gehen | to go to school | |
| ein Praktikum machen | to do an internship | |
| einen Job finden | to find a job | |
| arbeitslos sein | to be unemployed | |
| sich bewerben | to apply (for a job) | reflexive |
| den Führerschein machen | to get a driving licence | |
| ein Haus kaufen | to buy a house | |
| ein eigenes Unternehmen gründen | to start your own company | |
| krank werden | to become ill | |
| gesund werden | to get healthy | |
| eine schwere Zeit haben | to have a hard time | |
| neu anfangen | to start again | separable verb |
| ein neues Leben beginnen | to begin a new life | |
| sich verändern | to change | reflexive |
| wechseln | to change, to switch | |
| den Beruf wechseln | to change jobs | |
| ein wichtiger Wendepunkt | an important turning point | |
| früher | earlier, in the past | time adverb |
| damals | back then, at that time | time adverb |
| heute | today, now | |
| jetzt | now | |
| im Moment | at the moment | |
| inzwischen | in the meantime, by now | |
| seitdem | since then | |
| zuerst | first, first of all | sequence |
| am Anfang | at the beginning | sequence |
| dann | then | sequence |
| schließlich | finally, eventually | sequence |
| am Ende | in the end | sequence |
| der / die Teenager | teenager | often used |