Physics · Measuring Voltage & Current

☰ 1 Introduction

☰ 2 Mechanics

☰ 2.1 Kinematics
- ☰ 2.1.1 Distance & Displacement
- ☰ 2.1.2 Speed & Velocity
- ☰ 2.1.3 Acceleration
- ☰ 2.1.4 General Equation of Motion
  - ☰ 2.1.4.1 Free Fall & Vertical Throw
  - ☰ 2.1.4.2 Horizontal Throw
  - ☰ 2.1.4.3 Projectile Motion
☰ 2.2 Dynamics
- ☰ 2.2.1 Newton's Laws
- ☰ 2.2.2 Momentum
- ☰ 2.2.3 Work & Energy
  - ☰ 2.2.3.1 Potential Energy
  - ☰ 2.2.3.2 Kinetic Energy
  - ☰ 2.2.3.3 Energy Conservation
  - ☰ 2.2.3.4 Power
☰ 2.3 Hooke's Law
☰ 2.4 Rotation
- ☰ 2.4.1 Angular Velocity
- ☰ 2.4.2 Centripetal Force
☰ 2.5 Collisions
- ☰ 2.5.1 Central Inelastic Collision
- ☰ 2.5.2 Central Elastic Collision
☰ 2.6 Appearant Forces
☰ 2.7 Rigid Bodies
- ☰ 2.7.1 Center of Gravity
- ☰ 2.7.2 Torque
- ☰ 2.7.3 Rotational Energa & Moment of Inertia
- ☰ 2.7.4 Angular Momentum
- ☰ 2.7.5 Steiner's Theorem
- ☰ 2.7.6 Comparison Rotation & Translation
☰ 2.8 Friction
- ☰ 2.8.1 Static Friction
- ☰ 2.8.2 Kinetic Friction
- ☰ 2.8.3 Rolling Friction
- ☰ 2.8.4 Air Resistance
☰ 2.9 Real Bodies
- ☰ 2.9.1 Elongation
- ☰ 2.9.2 Compression
- ☰ 2.9.3 Shear
- ☰ 2.9.4 Torsion
☰ 2.10 Gravitation

☰ 3 Oscillations & Waves

☰ 3.1 Harmonic Oscillations
- ☰ 3.1.1 Spring Pendulum
- ☰ 3.1.2 Simple Pendulum
- ☰ 3.1.3 Physical Pendulum
- ☰ 3.1.4 Damped Oscillations
- ☰ 3.1.5 Forced Oscillations
- ☰ 3.1.6 Fourier Analysis
☰ 3.2 Waves
- ☰ 3.2.1 Wave Function & Wave Equation
- ☰ 3.2.2 Beats
- ☰ 3.2.3 Standing Waves
- ☰ 3.2.4 Doppler Effect
- ☰ 3.2.5 Ultrasound and Sonar

☰ 4 Electrodynamics

☰ 4.1 Electrostatics
☰ 4.2 Electric Field
- ☰ 4.2.1 Induction
- ☰ 4.2.2 Polarisation
☰ 4.3 Coulomb's Law
☰ 4.4 Potential and Voltage
☰ 4.5 Electric Current
- ☰ 4.5.1 Health Impact
- ☰ 4.5.2 Current Direction
- ☰ 4.5.3 Current Strength
- ☰ 4.5.4 Electric Resistance
  - ☰ 4.5.4.1 Ohm's Law
  - ☰ 4.5.4.2 Specific Resistance
  - ☰ 4.5.4.3 Temperature Dependence
  - ☰ 4.5.4.4 Conductance
  - ☰ 4.5.4.5 Semiconductors
- ☰ 4.5.5 Electric Power
- ☰ 4.5.6 Kirchhoff's Rules
  - ☰ 4.5.6.1 Junction Rule
  - ☰ 4.5.6.2 Loop Rule
- ☰ 4.5.7 Liquids & Gases
  - ☰ 4.5.7.1 Conduction in Gases
  - ☰ 4.5.7.2 Electrolysis
  - ☰ 4.5.7.3 Galvanic Cells
  - ☰ 4.5.7.4 Batteries & Accumulators
- ☰ 4.5.8 Thermoelectricity
☰ 4.6 Magnetic Fields
- ☰ 4.6.1 Ampère's Law
- ☰ 4.6.2 Magnetization
- ☰ 4.6.3 Lorentz Force
- ☰ 4.6.4 Mass Spectrometer
- ☰ 4.6.5 Hall Effect
- ☰ 4.6.6 Induction
- ☰ 4.6.7 Lenz's Law
☰ 4.7 Electrical Circuits
- ☰ 4.7.1 Voltage Sources
- ☰ 4.7.2 Measuring Voltage & Current
  - ☰ 4.7.2.1 Measuring Instruments
  - ☰ 4.7.2.2 Wheatstone Bridge Circuit
- ☰ 4.7.3 Capacitor
  - ☰ 4.7.3.1 Capacitance
  - ☰ 4.7.3.2 Charging and Discharging
  - ☰ 4.7.3.3 Energy
  - ☰ 4.7.3.4 Displacement Current
- ☰ 4.7.4 Coil
  - ☰ 4.7.4.1 Inductance
  - ☰ 4.7.4.2 Self-Induction
  - ☰ 4.7.4.3 Energy
- ☰ 4.7.5 Semiconductor Devices
  - ☰ 4.7.5.1 Doping
  - ☰ 4.7.5.2 Diode
  - ☰ 4.7.5.3 Transistor
- ☰ 4.7.6 Circuits
  - ☰ 4.7.6.1 Series Connection
  - ☰ 4.7.6.2 Parallel Connection
  - ☰ 4.7.6.3 Mixed Circuits

☰ 5 Thermodynamics

☰ 5.1 States of Matter
☰ 5.2 Phase Transitions
☰ 5.3 Partial Pressure
☰ 5.4 Thermal Expansion
☰ 5.5 Heat Capacity
☰ 5.6 Mixing Temperature
☰ 5.7 Melting and Evaporation
☰ 5.8 Hydrostatic Pressure
☰ 5.9 Buoyancy
☰ 5.10 Surface Tension
☰ 5.11 Interfaces
☰ 5.12 Flowing Liquids
- ☰ 5.12.1 Volume Flow
- ☰ 5.12.2 Bernoulli Equation
- ☰ 5.12.3 Viscosity
- ☰ 5.12.4 Hagen–Poiseuille Law
☰ 5.13 Gases
- ☰ 5.13.1 Ideal Gas
  - ☰ 5.13.1.1 Gas Laws
    - ☰ 5.13.1.1.1 Law of Boyle-Mariotte
    - ☰ 5.13.1.1.2 Law of Guy-Lussac
    - ☰ 5.13.1.1.3 Law of Amontons
  - ☰ 5.13.1.2 Ideal Gas Equation
  - ☰ 5.13.1.3 Kinetic Gas Theory
  - ☰ 5.13.1.4 Internal Energy
  - ☰ 5.13.1.5 Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution
- ☰ 5.13.2 Real Gases
- ☰ 5.13.3 First Law of Thermodynamics
- ☰ 5.13.4 Adiabatic Processes
- ☰ 5.13.5 Entropy
- ☰ 5.13.6 Second Law of Thermodynamics
- ☰ 5.13.7 Diffusion & Fick's Law
- ☰ 5.13.8 Osmosis
- ☰ 5.13.9 Heat Transfer
  - ☰ 5.13.9.1 Heat Conduction
  - ☰ 5.13.9.2 Convection
  - ☰ 5.13.9.3 Thermal Radiation

4.7.2 Measuring Voltage & Current

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