Seerah

☰ 1. Preface

☰ 2. The World Before Islam

☰ 2.1. Arabia Before Islam
- ☰ 2.1.1. Geography of the Arabian Peninsula
- ☰ 2.1.2. Tribal Society and Social Structure
- ☰ 2.1.3. Political Landscape
- ☰ 2.1.4. Economic Life and Trade
- ☰ 2.1.5. Religion and Beliefs
  - ☰ 2.1.5.1. Hanifs
  - ☰ 2.1.5.2. Jews
  - ☰ 2.1.5.3. Christians
- ☰ 2.1.6. Moral and Social Conditions
☰ 2.2. Lineage and Ancestry of the Prophet ﷺ
- ☰ 2.2.1. Lineage to Prophet Ibrahim عليه السلام
- ☰ 2.2.2. The Tribe of Quraysh
- ☰ 2.2.3. The Clan of Banu Hashim
- ☰ 2.2.4. The Significance of Lineage in Arab Society

☰ 3. The Blessed Birth and Childhood

☰ 3.1. The Birth of Muhammad ﷺ
- ☰ 3.1.1. The Year of the Elephant
- ☰ 3.1.2. The Birth in Makkah
- ☰ 3.1.3. Meaning and Significance of His Name
- ☰ 3.1.4. Early Signs and Blessings
☰ 3.2. Infancy and Early Childhood
- ☰ 3.2.1. Nursing by Halimah as-Sa‘diyyah
- ☰ 3.2.2. Life in the Desert
- ☰ 3.2.3. The Opening of the Chest (Shaqq as-Sadr)
- ☰ 3.2.4. Return to His Mother
☰ 3.3. Orphanhood and Guardianship
- ☰ 3.3.1. Death of His Mother Aminah
- ☰ 3.3.2. Life with Grandfather Abdul Muttalib
- ☰ 3.3.3. Death of Abdul Muttalib
- ☰ 3.3.4. Guardianship under Abu Talib

☰ 4. Youth and Early Adulthood

☰ 4.1. Youth of Integrity
- ☰ 4.1.1. Titles: Al-Amin and As-Sadiq
- ☰ 4.1.2. Character, Manners, and Conduct
- ☰ 4.1.3. Avoidance of Idol Worship
- ☰ 4.1.4. Participation in Hilf al-Fudul
☰ 4.2. Trade Journeys and Life Experience
- ☰ 4.2.1. Trade Journeys to Syria
- ☰ 4.2.2. Encounter with Bahira the Monk
- ☰ 4.2.3. Business Ethics and Reputation
- ☰ 4.2.4. Skills and Wisdom Gained
☰ 4.3. Marriage to Khadijah رضي الله عنها
- ☰ 4.3.1. Proposal and Marriage
- ☰ 4.3.2. Family Life
  - ☰ 4.3.2.1. Relationship with His Wives
  - ☰ 4.3.2.2. Treatment of Children
  - ☰ 4.3.2.3. Love and Mercy in the Home
- ☰ 4.3.3. Children of the Prophet ﷺ
- ☰ 4.3.4. Role of Khadijah in His Life

☰ 5. The Beginning of Prophethood

☰ 5.1. Spiritual Preparation
- ☰ 5.1.1. Love for Seclusion
- ☰ 5.1.2. Retreats in the Cave of Hira
- ☰ 5.1.3. Search for Truth
☰ 5.2. Early Call to Islam
- ☰ 5.2.1. Secret Da‘wah
- ☰ 5.2.2. First Muslims
- ☰ 5.2.3. Early Challenges
- ☰ 5.2.4. Strengthening of Faith

☰ 6. Public Da‘wah and Persecution

☰ 6.1. Public Preaching in Makkah
- ☰ 6.1.1. Call from Mount Safa
- ☰ 6.1.2. Reaction of Quraysh
- ☰ 6.1.3. Mockery and Opposition
☰ 6.2. Persecution of the Muslims
- ☰ 6.2.1. Torture of the Weak
- ☰ 6.2.2. Story of Bilal ibn Rabah
- ☰ 6.2.3. Patience and Perseverance
☰ 6.3. Migration to Abyssinia
- ☰ 6.3.1. Reasons for the Migration
- ☰ 6.3.2. Role of Najashi (Negus)
- ☰ 6.3.3. Quraysh’s Attempt to Extradite Muslims
- ☰ 6.3.4. Outcomes and Lessons
☰ 6.4. The Boycott
- ☰ 6.4.1. Social and Economic Boycott
- ☰ 6.4.2. Life in Shi‘b Abi Talib
- ☰ 6.4.3. End of the Boycott

☰ 7. The Year of Sorrow and New Hope

☰ 7.1. The Year of Sorrow (‘Am al-Huzn)
- ☰ 7.1.1. Death of Abu Talib
- ☰ 7.1.2. Death of Khadijah رضي الله عنها
- ☰ 7.1.3. Emotional Impact on the Prophet ﷺ
☰ 7.2. Journey to Ta’if
- ☰ 7.2.1. Invitation to Islam
- ☰ 7.2.2. Rejection and Abuse
- ☰ 7.2.3. The Angel of the Mountains
- ☰ 7.2.4. Mercy and Forgiveness
☰ 7.3. Isra and Mi‘raj
- ☰ 7.3.1. The Night Journey
- ☰ 7.3.2. Ascension to the Heavens
- ☰ 7.3.3. The Gift of Salah
- ☰ 7.3.4. Reactions of the People

☰ 8. The Road to Madinah

☰ 8.1. Madinah before the Hijra
☰ 8.2. The Pledges of ‘Aqabah
- ☰ 8.2.1. First Pledge
- ☰ 8.2.2. Second Pledge
- ☰ 8.2.3. Role of the Ansar

☰ 9. Building the Islamic Society

☰ 9.1. Establishment of the Muslim Community
- ☰ 9.1.1. Building the Masjid
- ☰ 9.1.2. Brotherhood Between Muhajirun and Ansar
- ☰ 9.1.3. The Constitution of Madinah
☰ 9.2. Leadership and Governance
- ☰ 9.2.1. Role as a Statesman
- ☰ 9.2.2. Justice and Consultation (Shura)
- ☰ 9.2.3. Relations with Jewish Tribes in Madinah

☰ 10. Battles and Military Campaigns

☰ 10.1. Battle of Badr
- ☰ 10.1.1. Causes and Background
- ☰ 10.1.2. Events of the Battle
- ☰ 10.1.3. Victory and Lessons
- ☰ 10.1.4. Banu Qaynuqa
☰ 10.2. Battle of Uhud
- ☰ 10.2.1. Strategic Decisions
- ☰ 10.2.2. The Turning Point
- ☰ 10.2.3. Lessons from Defeat
- ☰ 10.2.4. Banu Nadir
☰ 10.3. Battle of the Trench (Khandaq)
- ☰ 10.3.1. Coalition of Enemies
- ☰ 10.3.2. Defensive Strategy
- ☰ 10.3.3. Victory Through Unity
- ☰ 10.3.4. Banu Qurayzah

☰ 11. Internal Challenges in Madinah

☰ 12. Treaty of Hudaybiyyah

☰ 13. The Conquest of Makkah

☰ 14. The Final Years

☰ 14.1. Expansion of Islam
- ☰ 14.1.1. Letters to Kings and Rulers
- ☰ 14.1.2. Delegations to Madinah
- ☰ 14.1.3. Spread Across Arabia
☰ 14.2. Farewell Pilgrimage
- ☰ 14.2.1. Events of Hajj al-Wada‘
- ☰ 14.2.2. Core Messages and Human Rights
☰ 14.3. Final Illness and Passing
- ☰ 14.3.1. Signs of Departure
- ☰ 14.3.2. Last Advice
- ☰ 14.3.3. Passing of the Prophet ﷺ
- ☰ 14.3.4. Burial

☰ 15. The Prophet’s Character and Teachings

☰ 15.1. Personal Character
- ☰ 15.1.1. Mercy and Compassion
- ☰ 15.1.2. Humility
- ☰ 15.1.3. Courage and Patience
- ☰ 15.1.4. Justice and Forgiveness
☰ 15.2. Social and Ethical Teachings
- ☰ 15.2.1. Human Rights
- ☰ 15.2.2. Women’s Rights
- ☰ 15.2.3. Slavery and Social Justice
- ☰ 15.2.4. Environmental Ethics

☰ 16. Legacy and Impact

☰ 16.1. The Companions
- ☰ 16.1.1. Role of the Sahaba
- ☰ 16.1.2. Preservation of Islam
- ☰ 16.1.3. Their Love for the Prophet ﷺ
☰ 16.2. The Global Impact of the Prophet ﷺ
- ☰ 16.2.1. Transformation of Arabia
- ☰ 16.2.2. Spread of Islam
- ☰ 16.2.3. Influence on Civilization
☰ 16.3. Lessons from the Seerah