Seerah

☰ 1 Preface

☰ 2 The World Before Islam

☰ 2.1 Arabia Before Islam
- ☰ 2.1.1 Geography of the Arabian Peninsula
- ☰ 2.1.2 Tribal Society and Social Structure
- ☰ 2.1.3 Political Landscape
- ☰ 2.1.4 Economic Life and Trade
- ☰ 2.1.5 Religion and Beliefs
  - ☰ 2.1.5.1 Hanifs
  - ☰ 2.1.5.2 Jews
  - ☰ 2.1.5.3 Christians
- ☰ 2.1.6 Moral and Social Conditions
☰ 2.2 Lineage and Ancestry of the Prophet ﷺ
- ☰ 2.2.1 Lineage to Prophet Ibrahim عليه السلام
- ☰ 2.2.2 The Tribe of Quraysh
- ☰ 2.2.3 The Clan of Banu Hashim
- ☰ 2.2.4 The Significance of Lineage in Arab Society

☰ 3 The Blessed Birth and Childhood

☰ 3.1 The Birth of Muhammad ﷺ
- ☰ 3.1.1 The Year of the Elephant
- ☰ 3.1.2 The Birth in Makkah
- ☰ 3.1.3 Meaning and Significance of His Name
- ☰ 3.1.4 Early Signs and Blessings
☰ 3.2 Infancy and Early Childhood
- ☰ 3.2.1 Nursing by Halimah as-Sa‘diyyah
- ☰ 3.2.2 Life in the Desert
- ☰ 3.2.3 The Opening of the Chest (Shaqq as-Sadr)
- ☰ 3.2.4 Return to His Mother
☰ 3.3 Orphanhood and Guardianship
- ☰ 3.3.1 Death of His Mother Aminah
- ☰ 3.3.2 Life with Grandfather Abdul Muttalib
- ☰ 3.3.3 Death of Abdul Muttalib
- ☰ 3.3.4 Guardianship under Abu Talib

☰ 4 Youth and Early Adulthood

☰ 4.1 Youth of Integrity
- ☰ 4.1.1 Titles: Al-Amin and As-Sadiq
- ☰ 4.1.2 Character, Manners, and Conduct
- ☰ 4.1.3 Avoidance of Idol Worship
- ☰ 4.1.4 Participation in Hilf al-Fudul
☰ 4.2 Trade Journeys and Life Experience
- ☰ 4.2.1 Trade Journeys to Syria
- ☰ 4.2.2 Encounter with Bahira the Monk
- ☰ 4.2.3 Business Ethics and Reputation
- ☰ 4.2.4 Skills and Wisdom Gained
☰ 4.3 Marriage to Khadijah رضي الله عنها
- ☰ 4.3.1 Proposal and Marriage
- ☰ 4.3.2 Family Life
  - ☰ 4.3.2.1 Relationship with His Wives
  - ☰ 4.3.2.2 Treatment of Children
  - ☰ 4.3.2.3 Love and Mercy in the Home
- ☰ 4.3.3 Children of the Prophet ﷺ
- ☰ 4.3.4 Role of Khadijah in His Life

☰ 5 The Beginning of Prophethood

☰ 5.1 Spiritual Preparation
- ☰ 5.1.1 Love for Seclusion
- ☰ 5.1.2 Retreats in the Cave of Hira
- ☰ 5.1.3 Search for Truth
☰ 5.2 Early Call to Islam
- ☰ 5.2.1 Secret Da‘wah
- ☰ 5.2.2 First Muslims
- ☰ 5.2.3 Early Challenges
- ☰ 5.2.4 Strengthening of Faith

☰ 6 Public Da‘wah and Persecution

☰ 6.1 Public Preaching in Makkah
- ☰ 6.1.1 Call from Mount Safa
- ☰ 6.1.2 Reaction of Quraysh
- ☰ 6.1.3 Mockery and Opposition
☰ 6.2 Persecution of the Muslims
- ☰ 6.2.1 Torture of the Weak
- ☰ 6.2.2 Story of Bilal ibn Rabah
- ☰ 6.2.3 Patience and Perseverance
☰ 6.3 Migration to Abyssinia
- ☰ 6.3.1 Reasons for the Migration
- ☰ 6.3.2 Role of Najashi (Negus)
- ☰ 6.3.3 Quraysh’s Attempt to Extradite Muslims
- ☰ 6.3.4 Outcomes and Lessons
☰ 6.4 The Boycott
- ☰ 6.4.1 Social and Economic Boycott
- ☰ 6.4.2 Life in Shi‘b Abi Talib
- ☰ 6.4.3 End of the Boycott

☰ 7 The Year of Sorrow and New Hope

☰ 7.1 The Year of Sorrow (‘Am al-Huzn)
- ☰ 7.1.1 Death of Abu Talib
- ☰ 7.1.2 Death of Khadijah رضي الله عنها
- ☰ 7.1.3 Emotional Impact on the Prophet ﷺ
☰ 7.2 Journey to Ta’if
- ☰ 7.2.1 Invitation to Islam
- ☰ 7.2.2 Rejection and Abuse
- ☰ 7.2.3 The Angel of the Mountains
- ☰ 7.2.4 Mercy and Forgiveness
☰ 7.3 Isra and Mi‘raj
- ☰ 7.3.1 The Night Journey
- ☰ 7.3.2 Ascension to the Heavens
- ☰ 7.3.3 The Gift of Salah
- ☰ 7.3.4 Reactions of the People

☰ 8 The Road to Madinah

☰ 8.1 Madinah before the Hijra
☰ 8.2 The Pledges of ‘Aqabah
- ☰ 8.2.1 First Pledge
- ☰ 8.2.2 Second Pledge
- ☰ 8.2.3 Role of the Ansar

☰ 9 Building the Islamic Society

☰ 9.1 Establishment of the Muslim Community
- ☰ 9.1.1 Building the Masjid
- ☰ 9.1.2 Brotherhood Between Muhajirun and Ansar
- ☰ 9.1.3 The Constitution of Madinah
☰ 9.2 Leadership and Governance
- ☰ 9.2.1 Role as a Statesman
- ☰ 9.2.2 Justice and Consultation (Shura)
- ☰ 9.2.3 Relations with Jewish Tribes in Madinah

☰ 10 Battles and Military Campaigns

☰ 10.1 Battle of Badr
- ☰ 10.1.1 Causes and Background
- ☰ 10.1.2 Events of the Battle
- ☰ 10.1.3 Victory and Lessons
- ☰ 10.1.4 Banu Qaynuqa
☰ 10.2 Battle of Uhud
- ☰ 10.2.1 Strategic Decisions
- ☰ 10.2.2 The Turning Point
- ☰ 10.2.3 Lessons from Defeat
- ☰ 10.2.4 Banu Nadir
☰ 10.3 Battle of the Trench (Khandaq)
- ☰ 10.3.1 Coalition of Enemies
- ☰ 10.3.2 Defensive Strategy
- ☰ 10.3.3 Victory Through Unity
- ☰ 10.3.4 Banu Qurayzah

☰ 11 Internal Challenges in Madinah

☰ 12 Treaty of Hudaybiyyah

☰ 13 The Conquest of Makkah

☰ 14 The Final Years

☰ 14.1 Expansion of Islam
- ☰ 14.1.1 Letters to Kings and Rulers
- ☰ 14.1.2 Delegations to Madinah
- ☰ 14.1.3 Spread Across Arabia
☰ 14.2 Farewell Pilgrimage
- ☰ 14.2.1 Events of Hajj al-Wada‘
- ☰ 14.2.2 Core Messages and Human Rights
☰ 14.3 Final Illness and Passing
- ☰ 14.3.1 Signs of Departure
- ☰ 14.3.2 Last Advice
- ☰ 14.3.3 Passing of the Prophet ﷺ
- ☰ 14.3.4 Burial

☰ 15 The Prophet’s Character and Teachings

☰ 15.1 Personal Character
- ☰ 15.1.1 Mercy and Compassion
- ☰ 15.1.2 Humility
- ☰ 15.1.3 Courage and Patience
- ☰ 15.1.4 Justice and Forgiveness
☰ 15.2 Social and Ethical Teachings
- ☰ 15.2.1 Human Rights
- ☰ 15.2.2 Women’s Rights
- ☰ 15.2.3 Slavery and Social Justice
- ☰ 15.2.4 Environmental Ethics

☰ 16 Legacy and Impact

☰ 16.1 The Companions
- ☰ 16.1.1 Role of the Sahaba
- ☰ 16.1.2 Preservation of Islam
- ☰ 16.1.3 Their Love for the Prophet ﷺ
☰ 16.2 The Global Impact of the Prophet ﷺ
- ☰ 16.2.1 Transformation of Arabia
- ☰ 16.2.2 Spread of Islam
- ☰ 16.2.3 Influence on Civilization
☰ 16.3 Lessons from the Seerah