KAHIBARO
Discord Login Register

5.6. Telling the Time

Understanding Clock Time in Georgian

In this chapter you learn how to say and ask the time in Georgian, using both exact hours and more natural everyday expressions.


The Word โ€œTimeโ€ and โ€œHourโ€

Two important words:

EnglishGeorgianPronunciationNotes
time (general)แƒ“แƒ แƒdroabstract time
hour, oโ€™clockแƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜saatialso used for โ€œclock, watchโ€

When you say what time it is, you usually use แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜ in different forms.


Asking โ€œWhat time is it?โ€

The most common everyday questions:

EnglishGeorgianPronunciation
What time is it?แƒ แƒแƒ›แƒ“แƒ”แƒœแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ?ramdeni saatia?
What time is it now?แƒแƒฎแƒšแƒ แƒ แƒแƒ›แƒ“แƒ”แƒœแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ?akhla ramdeni saatia?

You can answer simply with the hour, or with a full phrase depending on how exact you want to be.


Full Hours: Saying โ€œIt is X oโ€™clockโ€

To say โ€œIt is X oโ€™clockโ€ you usually use this pattern:

Pattern for full hours
$X$ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ.
โ€œIt is $X$ oโ€™clock.โ€

Here $X$ is a cardinal number (one, two, three, etc.).

EnglishGeorgianPronunciation
It is one oโ€™clock.แƒ”แƒ แƒ—แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ.erti saatia.
It is two oโ€™clock.แƒแƒ แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ.ori saatia.
It is three oโ€™clock.แƒกแƒแƒ›แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ.sami saatia.
It is four oโ€™clock.แƒแƒ—แƒฎแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ.otkhi saatia.
It is five oโ€™clock.แƒฎแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ.khuti saatia.
It is six oโ€™clock.แƒ”แƒฅแƒ•แƒกแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ.ekvsi saatia.
It is seven oโ€™clock.แƒจแƒ•แƒ˜แƒ“แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ.shvidi saatia.
It is eight oโ€™clock.แƒ แƒ•แƒ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ.rva saatia.
It is nine oโ€™clock.แƒชแƒฎแƒ แƒ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ.tskhra saatia.
It is ten oโ€™clock.แƒแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ.ati saatia.
It is eleven oโ€™clock.แƒ—แƒ”แƒ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ”แƒขแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ.tertmeti saatia.
It is twelve oโ€™clock.แƒ—แƒแƒ แƒ›แƒ”แƒขแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ.tormeti saatia.

In casual speech Georgians often drop โ€œIt isโ€ in English sense and just say the number plus แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ.


Minutes After the Hour: โ€œAnd X minutesโ€

To express minutes after the hour, you add แƒ“แƒ plus the number of minutes.

Pattern for โ€œX past Yโ€ in a neutral way
$H$ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ แƒ“แƒ $M$ แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜.
โ€œIt is $H$ oโ€™clock and $M$ minutes.โ€

Key word:

EnglishGeorgianPronunciation
minuteแƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜tsuti

Simple โ€œhour and minutesโ€ examples

EnglishGeorgianPronunciation
It is oneโ€‘ten.แƒ”แƒ แƒ—แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ แƒ“แƒ แƒแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜.erti saatia da ati tsuti.
It is twoโ€‘twenty.แƒแƒ แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ แƒ“แƒ แƒแƒชแƒ˜ แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜.ori saatia da otsi tsuti.
It is threeโ€‘five.แƒกแƒแƒ›แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ แƒ“แƒ แƒฎแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜.sami saatia da khuti tsuti.
It is fourโ€‘thirty.แƒแƒ—แƒฎแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ แƒ“แƒ แƒแƒชแƒ“แƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜.otkhi saatia da otsdaati tsuti.
It is sixโ€‘forty.แƒ”แƒฅแƒ•แƒกแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ แƒ“แƒ แƒแƒ แƒ›แƒแƒชแƒ˜ แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜.ekvsi saatia da ormotsi tsuti.

In fast everyday speech, Georgians often shorten and omit the word แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜:

But as a beginner, use แƒ“แƒ + minutes + แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜. It is clear and correct.


โ€œHalf pastโ€ and โ€œQuarter pastโ€

Two very common words:

EnglishGeorgianPronunciation
halfแƒœแƒแƒฎแƒ”แƒ•แƒแƒ แƒ˜nakhevari
quarterแƒ›แƒ”แƒแƒ—แƒฎแƒ”แƒ“แƒ˜ (formal), but usually: _แƒœแƒแƒฎแƒ”แƒ•แƒแƒ แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒก แƒจแƒ”แƒ›แƒ“แƒ”แƒ’_ patterns are more common for โ€œhalf an hour laterโ€ etc.

In telling the time, the most common special expression is for โ€œhalf pastโ€:

Pattern for โ€œhalf past Xโ€
$H$ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒ“แƒ แƒœแƒแƒฎแƒ”แƒ•แƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒ.
โ€œIt is half past $H$.โ€

Examples:

EnglishGeorgianPronunciation
It is half past one.แƒ”แƒ แƒ—แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒ“แƒ แƒœแƒแƒฎแƒ”แƒ•แƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒ.erti saati da nakhevaria.
It is half past two.แƒแƒ แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒ“แƒ แƒœแƒแƒฎแƒ”แƒ•แƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒ.ori saati da nakhevaria.
It is half past five.แƒฎแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒ“แƒ แƒœแƒแƒฎแƒ”แƒ•แƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒ.khuti saati da nakhevaria.

You can also say:

For โ€œa quarter pastโ€ there is no single short word that is used as often as in English. Usually you say:

Minutes To the Hour: โ€œWithout X minutesโ€

For times like 10:50 (โ€œten to elevenโ€) Georgians often use the word แƒฃแƒ™แƒšแƒ˜แƒ โ€œlacks, is missingโ€.

Pattern for โ€œX minutes to Hโ€
$M$ แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒแƒ™แƒšแƒ˜แƒ $H$ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒก.
โ€œ$H$ oโ€™clock is lacking $M$ minutes.โ€
โ‰ˆ โ€œIt is $M$ minutes to $H$.โ€

Examples:

EnglishGeorgianPronunciation
It is ten to three.แƒแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒแƒ™แƒšแƒ˜แƒ แƒกแƒแƒ› แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒก.ati tsuti aklia sam saatss.
It is five to six.แƒฎแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒแƒ™แƒšแƒ˜แƒ แƒ”แƒฅแƒ•แƒก แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒก.khuti tsuti aklia ekvs saatss.
It is twenty to eight.แƒแƒชแƒ˜ แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒแƒ™แƒšแƒ˜แƒ แƒ แƒ•แƒ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒก.otsi tsuti aklia rva saatss.

You can also use แƒฃแƒ™แƒšแƒ˜แƒ with โ€œhalfโ€ and so on:

However, for a beginner it is enough to use $M$ แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒแƒ™แƒšแƒ˜แƒ $H$ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒก for โ€œ$M$ to $H$โ€.


Using โ€œPastโ€ and โ€œToโ€ with โ€œoverโ€ and โ€œlessโ€

You will hear two very short everyday words:

English ideaGeorgianPronunciation
past, overแƒ’แƒแƒ“แƒแƒชแƒ“แƒgadatsda
to, lackingแƒแƒ™แƒšแƒ˜แƒaklia

A simple conversational pattern:

These are more natural, but they also sound a bit more advanced. As a beginner you can safely stay with:

12โ€‘Hour vs 24โ€‘Hour Time

In writing, especially schedules, Georgians often use 24โ€‘hour time, just like 13:00, 18:30, etc. The numbers are read as usual:

TimeHow it is readGeorgian example
13:00thirteen oโ€™clockแƒ—แƒชแƒแƒ›แƒ”แƒขแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ. (colloquial)
18:30eighteen thirtyแƒ—แƒ•แƒ แƒแƒ›แƒ”แƒขแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒ“แƒ แƒœแƒแƒฎแƒ”แƒ•แƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒ.

In everyday speech people usually talk about morning, day, evening, night instead of saying โ€œa.m., p.m.โ€. Some useful words:

EnglishGeorgianPronunciation
morningแƒ“แƒ˜แƒšแƒdila
day / afternoonแƒ“แƒฆแƒ”dghe
eveningแƒกแƒแƒฆแƒแƒ›แƒsaghamo
nightแƒฆแƒแƒ›แƒ”ghame

You can add these to specify when:

Saying โ€œAt โ€ฆ oโ€™clockโ€ (for appointments)

To say that something happens at a certain time, you use the postposition แƒ–แƒ” โ€œon, atโ€.

Pattern for โ€œat X oโ€™clockโ€
$H$ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ–แƒ”
โ€œat $H$ oโ€™clockโ€

Examples:

EnglishGeorgianPronunciation
at one oโ€™clockแƒ”แƒ แƒ— แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ–แƒ”ert saatze
at two oโ€™clockแƒแƒ  แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ–แƒ”or saatze
at five oโ€™clockแƒฎแƒฃแƒ— แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ–แƒ”khut saatze
at half past threeแƒกแƒแƒ› แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒกแƒ แƒ“แƒ แƒœแƒแƒฎแƒ”แƒ•แƒแƒ แƒ–แƒ”sam saatsa da nakhevarze

Useful sentence patterns:

Time in Daily Routines

Here are some simple example sentences that combine times with daily activities. Focus on the time expression.

EnglishGeorgianPronunciation
It is eight oโ€™clock.แƒ แƒ•แƒ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ.rva saatia.
I wake up at seven oโ€™clock.แƒจแƒ•แƒ˜แƒ“ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ–แƒ” แƒ•แƒ“แƒ’แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜.shvid saatze vdgebi.
The lesson starts at nine oโ€™clock.แƒ’แƒแƒ™แƒ•แƒ”แƒ—แƒ˜แƒšแƒ˜ แƒชแƒฎแƒ แƒ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ–แƒ” แƒ˜แƒฌแƒงแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ.gakvetili tskhra saatze itskheba.
Lunch is at one oโ€™clock.แƒกแƒแƒ“แƒ˜แƒšแƒ˜ แƒ”แƒ แƒ— แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ–แƒ”แƒ.sadili ert saatzea.
The film starts at half past six.แƒคแƒ˜แƒšแƒ›แƒ˜ แƒ”แƒฅแƒ•แƒกแƒกแƒ แƒ“แƒ แƒœแƒแƒฎแƒ”แƒ•แƒแƒ แƒ–แƒ” แƒ˜แƒฌแƒงแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ.pilmi ekvssa da nakhevarze itskheba.
I finish work at five oโ€™clock.แƒฎแƒฃแƒ— แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ–แƒ” แƒ•แƒแƒ›แƒ—แƒแƒ•แƒ แƒ”แƒ‘ แƒกแƒแƒ›แƒฃแƒจแƒแƒแƒก.khut saatze vamtavreb samushao.

As a beginner, you can often keep the pattern simple:

Short Dialogues with Time

Dialogue 1: Asking the time

A: แƒแƒฎแƒšแƒ แƒ แƒแƒ›แƒ“แƒ”แƒœแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ?
Akhla ramdeni saatia?
โ€œWhat time is it now?โ€

B: แƒกแƒแƒ›แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ แƒ“แƒ แƒแƒช แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜.
Sami saatia da ots tsuti.
โ€œIt is three twenty.โ€


Dialogue 2: Planning a meeting

A: แƒ แƒแƒ“แƒ˜แƒก แƒจแƒ”แƒ•แƒฎแƒ•แƒ“แƒ”แƒ—?
Rodis shevkhdet?
โ€œWhen shall we meet?โ€

B: แƒแƒ—แƒฎ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ–แƒ”.
Otkh saatze.
โ€œAt four oโ€™clock.โ€

A: แƒแƒฎแƒšแƒ แƒ แƒแƒ›แƒ”แƒšแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ?
Akhla romeli saatia?
โ€œWhat time is it now?โ€

B: แƒแƒ แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ.
Ori saatia.
โ€œIt is two oโ€™clock.โ€

A: แƒ™แƒแƒ แƒ’แƒ˜แƒ, แƒแƒ แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒจแƒ˜.
Kargia, ori saatshi.
โ€œGood, in two hours.โ€


Dialogue 3: โ€œMinutes toโ€ and โ€œpastโ€

A: แƒ แƒแƒ›แƒ“แƒ”แƒœแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ?
Ramdeni saatia?
โ€œWhat time is it?โ€

B: แƒฎแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒแƒ™แƒšแƒ˜แƒ แƒ”แƒฅแƒ•แƒก แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒก.
Khuti tsuti aklia ekvs saatss.
โ€œIt is five to six.โ€

A: แƒชแƒแƒขแƒ แƒแƒ“แƒ แƒ” แƒ›แƒแƒ•แƒ”แƒ“แƒ˜.
Tsota adre movedi.
โ€œI came a bit early.โ€


Practice Suggestions

When you see a clock:

  1. Say the full hour:
    • แƒ”แƒฅแƒ•แƒกแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ. โ€œIt is six oโ€™clock.โ€
  2. Add minutes with แƒ“แƒ โ€ฆ แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜.
    • แƒ”แƒฅแƒ•แƒกแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ แƒ“แƒ แƒ—แƒฎแƒฃแƒ—แƒ›แƒ”แƒขแƒ˜ แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜.
  3. For โ€œto the hourโ€ times, try the แƒแƒ™แƒšแƒ˜แƒ pattern.
    • แƒแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒแƒ™แƒšแƒ˜แƒ แƒ แƒ•แƒ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒก.

You can write times in digits first, then say them aloud in Georgian.


New Vocabulary for This Chapter

EnglishGeorgianPronunciationNotes
timeแƒ“แƒ แƒdrogeneral concept
hour, oโ€™clock, clockแƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜saatibasic word for telling time
minuteแƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜tsutiplural: แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜ tsutebi
What time is it?แƒ แƒแƒ›แƒ“แƒ”แƒœแƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ?ramdeni saatia?very common question
nowแƒแƒฎแƒšแƒakhlaoften used with time
halfแƒœแƒแƒฎแƒ”แƒ•แƒแƒ แƒ˜nakhevariused in โ€œhalf pastโ€
half past XX แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒ“แƒ แƒœแƒแƒฎแƒ”แƒ•แƒแƒ แƒ˜X saati da nakhevarie.g. แƒแƒ แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒ“แƒ แƒœแƒแƒฎแƒ”แƒ•แƒแƒ แƒ˜
past (over)แƒ’แƒแƒ“แƒแƒชแƒ“แƒgadatsdamore advanced pattern
to (lacking)แƒแƒ™แƒšแƒ˜แƒakliaused for โ€œminutes toโ€
It is X oโ€™clock.X แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒ.X saatia.base pattern
X minutes to YX แƒฌแƒฃแƒ—แƒ˜ แƒแƒ™แƒšแƒ˜แƒ Y แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒก.X tsuti aklia Y saatss.โ€œX minutes to Yโ€
at X oโ€™clockX แƒกแƒแƒแƒ—แƒ–แƒ”X saatzefor appointments
morningแƒ“แƒ˜แƒšแƒdilaโ€œin the morningโ€ แƒ“แƒ˜แƒšแƒแƒ–แƒ”
day, afternoonแƒ“แƒฆแƒ”dgheโ€œduring the dayโ€
eveningแƒกแƒแƒฆแƒแƒ›แƒsaghamoโ€œin the eveningโ€ แƒกแƒแƒฆแƒแƒ›แƒแƒก
nightแƒฆแƒแƒ›แƒ”ghameโ€œat nightโ€ แƒฆแƒแƒ›แƒ˜แƒ—
meetingแƒจแƒ”แƒฎแƒ•แƒ”แƒ“แƒ แƒshekhvedraoften used with time
to startแƒ˜แƒฌแƒงแƒ”แƒ‘แƒitskhebaโ€œstartsโ€ (3rd person)
to finishแƒ•แƒแƒ›แƒ—แƒแƒ•แƒ แƒ”แƒ‘ / แƒ›แƒ—แƒแƒ•แƒ แƒ“แƒ”แƒ‘แƒvamtavreb / mtavrdebaโ€œI finishโ€ / โ€œit finishesโ€

Use these words together with the number vocabulary to describe the time of day in simple but natural Georgian.

Views: 83

Comments

Please login to add a comment.

Don't have an account? Register now!