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Understanding Personality Words in Georgian
In this chapter you focus on words that describe what a person is like, internally and socially. You already know about basic adjectives and agreement from other chapters, so here the focus is on personality vocabulary and some common patterns used specifically for describing character in Georgian.
You will mostly use these adjectives with the verb โto beโ and personal pronouns, which you will already have seen elsewhere. Here we add what is special about personality description, such as typical opposites, polite ways to describe others, and very common conversational phrases.
Very Common Positive Personality Adjectives
These adjectives are extremely frequent in everyday speech when talking about yourself and others.
Georgian Transliteration English แแจแแแแ mshvidi calm, peaceful แแแแแแ ketili kind แแฃแแฆแแ gulghia open-hearted, open, warm แกแแแแแแแ sazogado sociable, outgoing (often in phrases) แแฃแแฌแ แคแแแ gultsprkheli sincere แจแ แแแแกแแแงแแแ แ shromismokhvare hardworking แแฅแขแแฃแ แ aqtiuri active แแฎแแแ แฃแแ mkhiaruli cheerful แญแแแแแแ tskhviani smart, clever แแแแแแ แแแญแ / แแแ แแ แแแญแ ketili bichi / kargi bichi a good boy, good guy (character wise) แแแ แแ แแแแแแแแ kargi adamiani a good person
Notice that many personality adjectives are used in a moral sense, like โgood personโ or โkind personโ. This is very common in Georgian everyday talk.
Sample sentences
Use the pattern:
[Pronoun / name] + aris + [adjective].
Georgian Transliteration Meaning แแก แแจแแแแแ. is mshvidia. He / she is calm. แแแแ แแแแแแแ. nino ketilia. Nino is kind. แแแแแแ แจแ แแแแกแแแงแแแ แแ. levani shromismokhvarea. Levan is hardworking. แฉแแแ แแแแแแแ แ แซแแแแแ แแฃแแฆแแแ. chemi megobari dzalian gulghiaa. My friend is very open-hearted. แจแแ แแฅแขแแฃแ แ แฎแแ . shen aqtiuri khar. You are active. แแแแ แซแแแแแ แแฃแแฌแ แคแแแแ. deda dzalian gultsprkhelia. Mother is very sincere.
Rule: To describe personality with a basic sentence, use
[Subject] + aris (or appropriate form of โto beโ) + [personality adjective].
Common Negative or Neutral Personality Adjectives
These words help you talk about less positive traits or neutral styles of behaving. They are also very useful.
Georgian Transliteration English แคแฎแฃแแแแแ pkhukiani grumpy, easily annoyed (colloquial) แแซแแคแ แ แฎแแกแแแแ แแฅแแก mdzafri khasiati akvs has a strong / harsh character แแแ แแแแแฃแแ moridebuli reserved, modest, shy in behavior แแแขแแแแแงแแแ แ pativmokhvare ambitious (about status, sometimes vain) แแแ แแแชแ zarmatsi lazy แฏแแฃแขแ jiuti stubborn แแแแแฃแแฃแแ moabuzuli sulky, pouting (colloquial, about mood) แแแแแกแจแ แฉแแแแขแแแ tavisshi chaketili closed, inward, shut-in แฃแฎแแจแ ukheshi rude, rough แแแแฎแแแ tavkhedi impudent, shameless (strongly negative) แแแแแกแขแ egoisti selfish
Often, Georgians may soften negative descriptions by using phrases like โhas a strong characterโ or โis closed in himselfโ. These are culturally common ways of describing personality, and the exact words are good to know.
Sample sentences
Georgian Transliteration Meaning แแก แชแแขแ แแแ แแแแแฃแแแ. is tsota moridebulia. He / she is a bit reserved. แแแแ แแ แฏแแฃแขแแ. giorgi jiutia. Giorgi is stubborn. แแ แซแแแแแ แแแ แแแชแ แแแ . me dzalian zarmatsi var. I am very lazy. แฉแแแ แซแแ แฎแแแแแฎแแ แฃแฎแแจแแ. chemi dzma khandakhan ukhesia. My brother is sometimes rude. แแก แแแแแกแจแ แฉแแแแขแแแแ. is tavisshi chaketilia. He / she is closed in himself / herself.
Softening and Strengthening Personality Descriptions
When describing personality, tone is important. Georgian uses adverbs like โveryโ, โa littleโ, or โquiteโ to soften or strengthen the description. This is also culturally useful so you do not sound too direct or too harsh.
Useful intensifiers
Georgian Transliteration English แซแแแแแ dzalian very แกแแจแแแแแ sashindlad terribly, extremely (strong) แแแแแแ แแ zomierad moderately, reasonably แกแแแแแแ sakmaod quite, rather แแแแแ odnav slightly, a bit แชแแขแ tsota a little
Examples
Georgian Transliteration Meaning แแก แซแแแแแ แแจแแแแแ. is dzalian mshvidia. He / she is very calm. แแแแ แกแแจแแแแแ แแแ แแแชแแ. nino sashindlad zarmatsia. Nino is terribly lazy. แฉแแแ แฃแคแ แแกแ แกแแแแแแ แแแแชแ แแ. chemi uprosi sakmaod mkatsria. My boss is quite strict. แแ แแแแแ แแแ แแแแแฃแแ แแแ . me odnav moridebuli var. I am slightly reserved. แแก แชแแขแ แฃแฎแแจแแ. is tsota ukhesia. He / she is a bit rude.
Rule: Place intensifiers such as แซแแแแแ, แกแแแแแแ, แชแแขแ, แแแแแ directly before the adjective.
แแก แซแแแแแ แแฃแแฌแ แคแแแแ.
Describing Whether Someone Is โOpenโ or โClosedโ
In Georgian, talking about whether someone is open or closed, warm or cold, is very common in social conversation. Here are key adjectives and phrases used for this.
โOpen,โ โWarm,โ โSociableโ
Georgian Transliteration English แแฃแแฆแแ gulghia open-hearted, warm แแแกแแงแแแ แฃแแ mosikvarule loving, affectionate แแแแแแ แฃแแ megobruli friendly แแแแฃแแแแแแแแฃแ แ komunikabeluri communicative, talkative socially แกแแแแแแแ แแแแแแแแ sazogado adamiani social, people person (in context)
โClosed,โ โCold,โ โDistantโ
Georgian Transliteration English แชแแแ tsivi cold (emotionally) แแแแแกแจแ แฉแแแแขแแแ tavisshi chaketili withdrawn, closed แแ แแแแแฃแแแแแแแแฃแ แ arakomunikabeluri not communicative แแแกแขแแแชแแฃแ แ distantsiuri distant แกแฃแกแขแ แแแแฃแแแแแชแแ แแฅแแก susti komunikatsia akvs has weak communication (in context)
Sample contrasts
Georgian Transliteration Meaning แแก แซแแแแแ แแฃแแฆแแแ. is dzalian gulghiaa. He / she is very open-hearted. แแก แชแแขแ แชแแแแ. is tsota tsivia. He / she is a little cold. แฉแแแ แแแแแแแ แ แแแแฃแแแแแแแแฃแ แแ. chemi megobari komunikabeluria. My friend is communicative. แฉแแแ แฃแคแ แแกแ แแแกแขแแแชแแฃแ แแ. chemi uprosi distantsiuria. My boss is distant. แแก แแแแแกแจแ แฉแแแแขแแแ แแแแแแแแแ. is tavisshi chaketili adamiania. He / she is a closed person.
Talking About Reliability and Responsibility
These traits are important in Georgian culture when judging someone positively or negatively.
Positive traits
Georgian Transliteration English แแแกแฃแฎแแกแแแแแแแแแ pasukhisgebeliani responsible แกแแแแ sando reliable, trustworthy แฌแแกแแแ แแ tsesieria decent, proper (morally) แกแแขแงแแแแ แแแชแแ sitkvaze katsia he keeps his word (idiomatic, about a man) แแแ แแแแแ แ pirdapiri direct, straightforward
Negative traits
Georgian Transliteration English แฃแแแกแฃแฎแแกแแแแแแ upasukhisgeblo irresponsible แแ แแแงแแ แ aramkvari unreliable, unstable (character) แขแงแฃแแแแกแแแ แแแแ แแแแแ tkvuilisken midrekili inclined to lie (formal phrase) แแ แแแ แ orpiri two-faced แงแแแแ qalbi fake, insincere
Examples
Georgian Transliteration Meaning แแก แซแแแแแ แแแกแฃแฎแแกแแแแแแแแแ แแแชแแ. is dzalian pasukhisgebeliani katsia. He is a very responsible man. แแแแ แกแแแแ แแแแแแแแแ. nino sando adamiania. Nino is a reliable person. แฉแแแ แฃแคแ แแกแ แแแ แแแแแ แ แแ แฌแแกแแแ แแ. chemi uprosi pirdapiri da tsesieria. My boss is straightforward and decent. แแก แฃแแแกแฃแฎแแกแแแแแแ แแแแแแแแแ. is upasukhisgebelo adamiania. He / she is an irresponsible person. แแก แชแแขแ แงแแแแแ แแแฉแแแแแแ. is tsota qalbad mechveneba. He / she seems a bit fake to me.
Describing Emotional Style and Temperament
Here you learn words that relate to how emotional or controlled a person is, which is often used in evaluations of personality in Georgian.
Emotional and expressive
Georgian Transliteration English แแแแชแแฃแ แ emotsiuri emotional แแฃแแฉแแแแ gulchvili soft-hearted, easily moved แคแแแฅแแแแแ fetchkebadi explosive, quick-tempered (about emotion) แแฎแแแ แฃแแ mkhiaruli cheerful, fun แกแแชแแชแฎแแแ แกแแแกแ sitsotskhilit savse full of life
Calm and controlled
Georgian Transliteration English แแจแแแแ mshvidi calm แแแแแแญแแ แแแ tavdacherili self-controlled แแแฌแแแแกแฌแแ แแแฃแแ gatsronasor rebuli balanced แชแแแ แแแแแแแก tsivi gonebis cool-headed แคแฎแแแแแ pkhizeli alert, watchful, sober-minded
Examples
Georgian Transliteration Meaning แฉแแแ แแ แซแแแแแ แแแแชแแฃแ แแ. chemi da dzalian emotsiuria. My sister is very emotional. แแก แแจแแแแ แแ แแแฌแแแแกแฌแแ แแแฃแแแ. is mshvidi da gatsronasor rebulia. He / she is calm and balanced. แแแแ แคแแแฅแแแแแ แฎแแกแแแแแกแแ. mama fetchkebadi khasiatisaa. Father has an explosive character. แแแแ แแฎแแแ แฃแแ แแ แกแแชแแชแฎแแแ แกแแแกแแ. nino mkhiaruli da sitsotskhilit savsea. Nino is cheerful and full of life. แแก แซแแแแแ แแแแแแญแแ แแแแ. is dzalian tavdacherilia. He / she is very self-controlled.
Talking About Being Shy, Confident, or Brave
When describing how someone behaves socially, words for shyness, courage, and confidence are very useful.
Shy and modest
Georgian Transliteration English แแแ แแแแแฃแแ moridebuli modest, reserved, shy แแแฎแฃแแซแแฃแแ dakhundzuli overly modest, restrained (about style, not clothing) แแแ แชแฎแแ morts khvi shy (more emotional) แแแแแแแแแแ tamdabali humble
Confident and bold
Georgian Transliteration English แแแแแแฏแแ แแแฃแแ tavdajerebuli self-confident แแแแแแ tamata bold, daring แแแแแแแแแ gambedavi brave, courageous แจแแจแแแแ แกแแขแงแแแ แแแแแ แแแแแก shishveli sitqvit laparakobs speaks bluntly (idiomatic)
Examples
Georgian Transliteration Meaning แแก แชแแขแ แแแ แชแฎแแแ. is tsota mortskhvia. He / she is a bit shy. แฉแแแ แแ แซแแแแแ แแแแแแแแแแแ. chemi da dzalian tamdabalia. My sister is very humble. แแแแ แแแแแแฏแแ แแแฃแแ แแแแแ. nino tavdajerebuli gogoa. Nino is a self-confident girl. แแแแแแ แแแแแแ แแ แแแแแแแแแแ. levani tamami da gambedavia. Levan is bold and brave. แแก แแแแแแขแแ แแแฎแฃแแซแแฃแแแ. is zedmetad dakhundzulia. He / she is overly modest / restrained.
Typical โGood Person / Bad Personโ Evaluations
In real conversation Georgians often say that someone is โa good person,โ โa difficult person,โ or โhas a difficult character.โ These are set ways to describe personality.
Positive evaluations
Georgian Transliteration English แแแ แแ แแแแแแแแแ. kargi adamiania. He / she is a good person. แซแแแแแ แแแแแแ. dzalian tbilia. He / she is very warm. แแฅแ แแก แแฃแแ แแฅแแก. oqros gula akvs. He / she has a heart of gold. แซแแแแแแ แแแแ แแฃแแแแแกแแ. dzalian nazi bunebisaa. He / she has a very gentle nature.
Negative or mixed evaluations
Georgian Transliteration English แ แแฃแแ แแแ แแแแแแแ. rtuli pirovnebaa. He / she is a difficult person. แแซแแแ แฎแแกแแแแ แแฅแแก. mdzime khasiati akvs. He / she has a heavy character. แชแแขแ แแ แแแแแแฃแ แ แแแแแแแแแ. tsota problemuri adamiania. He / she is a bit problematic. แแซแแแ แแฃแแแแแกแแ. mdzime bunebisaa. He / she has a heavy nature.
Example sentences in context
Georgian Transliteration Meaning แฉแแแ แฃแคแ แแกแ แแแ แแ แแแแแแแแแ, แแแแ แแ แชแแขแ แแแแชแ แแ. chemi uprosi kargi adamiania, magram tsota mkatsria. My boss is a good person, but a bit strict. แแก แแฅแ แแก แแฃแแ แแแชแแ. is oqros gula katsia. He is a man with a heart of gold. แแก แชแแขแ แแซแแแ แฎแแกแแแแแกแแ. is tsota mdzime khasiatisaa. He / she has a somewhat heavy character. แแแแ แ แแฃแแ แแแ แแแแแแแ, แแแแ แแ แซแแแแแ แแแญแแแ แแ. nino rtuli pirovnebaa, magram dzalian nichieria. Nino is a difficult person, but very talented.
Polite Ways to Talk About Someoneโs Character
When you describe personality, it is often polite to soften strong criticism or praise. Georgian has established phrases for this.
Polite softeners
Georgian Transliteration English แชแแขแ tsota a little แแแแฏแแ zogjer sometimes แแแแแกแ แแแฃแกแแแ แแ แแแแฃแกแแแ แแฅแแก tavisi plusebi da minusebi akvs has their pluses and minuses แฎแแแแแฎแแ khandakhan from time to time, sometimes แแแแแแแ zogadat generally
Examples
Georgian Transliteration Meaning แแก แชแแขแ แฏแแฃแขแแ. is tsota jiutia. He / she is a bit stubborn. แแก แแแแฏแแ แแแแชแ แแ, แแแแ แแ แแฃแแแ แแแแแแแ. is zogjer mkatsria, magram gulit ketilia. He / she is sometimes strict, but kind at heart. แงแแแแแก แแแแแกแ แแแฃแกแแแ แแ แแแแฃแกแแแ แแฅแแก. kvelas tavisi plusebi da minusebi akvs. Everyone has their pluses and minuses. แแแแ แแแแแแแ แแจแแแแแ. nino zogadat mshvidia. Nino is generally calm.
Personality Vocabulary List
Below is a consolidated list of the new or important vocabulary from this chapter.
Georgian Transliteration English แแจแแแแ mshvidi calm แแแแแแ ketili kind แแฃแแฆแแ gulghia open-hearted, warm แแฃแแฌแ แคแแแ gultsprkheli sincere แจแ แแแแกแแแงแแแ แ shromismokhvare hardworking แแฅแขแแฃแ แ aqtiuri active แแฎแแแ แฃแแ mkhiaruli cheerful แญแแแแแแ tskhviani clever, smart แแแ แแ แแแแแแแแ kargi adamiani good person แคแฎแฃแแแแแ pkhukiani grumpy แแซแแคแ แ แฎแแกแแแแ แแฅแแก mdzafri khasiati akvs has a harsh character แแแ แแแแแฃแแ moridebuli reserved, modest แแแ แแแชแ zarmatsi lazy แฏแแฃแขแ jiuti stubborn แแแแแกแจแ แฉแแแแขแแแ tavisshi chaketili closed, withdrawn แฃแฎแแจแ ukheshi rude แแแแแกแขแ egoisti selfish แแแแแแ แฃแแ megobruli friendly แแแแฃแแแแแแแแฃแ แ komunikabeluri communicative แแแกแขแแแชแแฃแ แ distantsiuri distant แกแแแแ sando reliable, trustworthy แแแกแฃแฎแแกแแแแแแแแแ pasukhisgebeliani responsible แฃแแแกแฃแฎแแกแแแแแแ upasukhisgeblo irresponsible แฌแแกแแแ แแ tsesieria decent (morally) แแแแชแแฃแ แ emotsiuri emotional แแฃแแฉแแแแ gulchvili soft-hearted แคแแแฅแแแแแ fetchkebadi explosive, quick-tempered แแแฌแแแแกแฌแแ แแแฃแแ gatsronasor rebuli balanced แชแแแ แแแแแแแก tsivi gonebis cool-headed แแแ แชแฎแแ mortskhvi shy แแแแแแแแแแ tamdabali humble แแแแแแฏแแ แแแฃแแ tavdajerebuli self-confident แแแแแแ tamata bold, daring แแแแแแแแแ gambedavi brave แ แแฃแแ แแแ แแแแแแ rtuli pirovneba difficult person แแซแแแ แฎแแกแแแแ mdzime khasiati heavy character แแซแแแ แแฃแแแแ mdzime buneba heavy nature แแฅแ แแก แแฃแแ แแฅแแก oqros gula akvs has a heart of gold แแแฃแกแแแ แแ แแแแฃแกแแแ plusebi da minusebi pluses and minuses แซแแแแแ dzalian very แกแแแแแแ sakmaod quite แชแแขแ tsota a little แแแแแ odnav slightly แแแแฏแแ zogjer sometimes แแแแแแแ zogadat generally
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