5.7. Talking About Dates and Holidays
Table of Contents
Talking About Dates and Holidays in Georgian
In this chapter you will learn how to mention dates in Georgian and name some important Georgian holidays. You already know numbers and months from earlier chapters, so here we focus on how those pieces come together in real expressions about dates and celebrations.
Saying and Asking the Date
In everyday conversation Georgians usually mention dates in a simple phrase without full sentences.
Basic question
To ask the date, the most common way is:
- แแฆแแก แ แแแแแแ แแแแ แแ แแก?
dghe-s ramdeni tavi aris?
โWhat is the date today?โ (literally, โHow many is todayโs date?โ)
Another possibility is:
- แแฆแแก แ แ แแแ แแฆแแ?
dghe-s ra tarigia?
โWhat is the date today?โ
Here, แแแ แแฆแ tarigi means โdateโ (calendar date).
Basic answer pattern
Typical answer structure:
- แแฆแแก แแ แแก + [day number in ordinal form] + [month in genitive] + (แฌแแแ)
For now, you can use a simpler version, which you will hear a lot:
- แแฆแแก โฆ-แแ.
โToday is โฆ .โ
Examples:
- แแฆแแก แแแ แแแแ แแแแแแ แแ.
dghe-s pirveli ianuaria
โToday is the first of January.โ - แแฆแแก แแชแแแฎแฃแแ แแแแแแแแ แแ.
dghe-s otsdakhuti dekemberia
โToday is the twenty-fifth of December.โ - แแฆแแก แแแแฎแแแขแ แแแ แแแแ.
dghe-s totkhmeti aprilia
โToday is the fourteenth of April.โ
Note that in these examples the day number comes first, then the month.
Day, Month, Year in Dates
Useful words
- แแฆแ dghe โ day
- แแแ tve โ month
- แฌแแแ tseli โ year
- แแแ แแฆแ tarigi โ date (calendar date)
Saying the full date
A clear way to say a full date is:
- [day number (ordinal)] [month] [year number]-แฌแแแ
or - [year number]-แจแ, [day number] [month]
For absolute beginners, use the simpler pattern, leaving out complex case endings:
- โฆ [year] แฌแแแ โฆ
โโฆ the year [year] โฆโ
Examples:
- แแฆแแก แแ แแก แแแ แแแแ แแแ แขแ, แแ แ แแแแก แแชแแแแแแ แ แฌแแแ.
dghe-s aris pirveli marti, ori atas otsdameore tseli
โToday is the first of March, 2022.โ - แแ แแแแแแแแ แแแ แแแแกแ, แแ แแแแก แแแแ แ แฌแแแ.
me davibade ati maisi, or atas meore tseli
โI was born on the tenth of May, 2002.โ
Georgians often omit the word แฌแแแ when context is clear:
- แแ แ แแแแก แแชแแแแแกแแแ (แฌแแแ)
ori atas otsdamesame (tseli)
โ2023โ
Informal Numeric Dates
In writing, people also use numbers with dots, similar to many European styles.
Basic pattern:
- DD.MM.YYYY
Examples (just recognition, not pronunciation rules):
| Numeric date | How it is read (roughly) | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 01.01.2024 | แแแ แแแแ แแแแแแ แ, แแ แ แแแแก แแชแแแแแฎแ (แฌแแแ) | 1 January 2024 |
| 26.05.1918 | แแชแแฅแแกแ แแแแกแ, แแแแ แแแแขแ แแก แแแฎแแแชแ แแ แ แแ | 26 May 1918 |
| 31.12.2023 | แแชแแแแ แแ แแแแแแแแ แ, แแ แ แแแแก แแชแแแแแกแแแ | 31 December 2023 |
You do not need to master complicated year pronunciation yet; recognizing the structure is enough at this point.
Talking About โOnโ a Certain Date
For basic beginner speech, context usually makes โonโ clear, so Georgian often just says the date itself. You can say:
- แแชแแแฎแฃแแ แแแแแแแแ แ
otsdakhuti dekemberi
โ(on) the 25th of Decemberโ - แแฎแแแ แฌแแแ, แแแ แแแแ แแแแแแ แ
akhali tsโeli, pirveli ianuari
โNew Year, the first of Januaryโ
To be a bit more explicit, a useful simple phrase is:
- [Holiday] แแ แแก [date].
โ[Holiday] is on [date].โ
Examples:
- แแฎแแแ แฌแแแ แแ แแก แแแ แแแแ แแแแแแ แ.
akhali tsโeli aris pirveli ianuari
โNew Year is on the first of January.โ - แจแแแแก แแฆแ แแ แแก แจแแแแ แแแแแแ แ.
shobis dghe aris shvidi ianuari
โChristmas Day is on the seventh of January.โ
Naming Important Georgian Holidays
Here are some key Georgian and widely known international holidays with their typical dates in Georgia. Dates can vary slightly for religious feasts, but these are the usual calendar days.
Table of common holidays
| English name | Georgian name | Pronunciation | Usual date |
|---|---|---|---|
| New Year | แแฎแแแ แฌแแแ | akhali tsโeli | 1 January |
| Old New Year (folk) | แซแแแแ แแฎแแแ แฌแแแ | dzveli akhali tsโeli | 14 January |
| Christmas (Orthodox) | แจแแแ | shoba | 7 January |
| Easter | แแฆแแแแแ | aghdgoma | movable (spring) |
| Motherโs Day | แแแแแก แแฆแ | dedis dghe | 3 March |
| Womenโs Day | แฅแแแแ แกแแแ แแแจแแ แแกแ แแฆแ | kaltโa saertashoriso dghe | 8 March |
| Independence Day | แแแแแฃแแแแแแแแแแก แแฆแ | damoukideblobis dghe | 26 May |
| St Georgeโs Day (Nov) | แแแแ แแแแ | giorgoba | 23 November |
| City Day (Tbilisi) | VERT?แแแแแฅแแแแฅแแก แแฆแ, แแแแแแกแแแ | tbilisoba | early October (weekend) |
| Valentineโs Day | แแแแแแขแแแแแ | valentinoba | 14 February |
| Birthday | แแแแแแแแแก แแฆแ | dabadis dghe | personal |
| Name day | แกแแฎแแแแแแก แแฆแ | sakhelobis dghe | personal, by saint |
Note: แแแแแแกแแแ tbilisoba is Tbilisiโs city festival, often in early October, date can vary by year.
Saying When a Holiday Is
Use the structure:
- [Holiday] แแ แแก [date].
โ[Holiday] is on [date].โ
Examples:
- แแแแแฃแแแแแแแแแแก แแฆแ แแ แแก แแชแแฅแแกแ แแแแกแ.
damoukideblobis dghe aris otsekvsi maisi
โIndependence Day is on the 26th of May.โ - แฅแ แแกแขแแจแแแ แแ แแก แจแแแแ แแแแแแ แ.
khristesoba aris shvidi ianuari
โChristmas is on the 7th of January.โ - แแแแแก แแฆแ แแ แแก แกแแแ แแแ แขแ.
dedis dghe aris sami marti
โMotherโs Day is on the 3rd of March.โ
Sometimes Georgians will simply say the holiday name, because the date is culturally known:
- แฎแแแ แจแแแแ.
khval shobaa
โTomorrow is Christmas.โ - แแฆแแก แแแแแแกแแแแ.
dghe-s tbilisobaa
โToday is Tbilisoba.โ
Here the suffix -แแ / -แ attaches to the holiday name to say โit is [holiday]โ.
Talking About Your Birthday and Other Personal Dates
You often introduce your birthday with a very simple pattern:
- แฉแแแ แแแแแแแแแก แแฆแ แแ แแกโฆ
chemi dabadis dghe arisโฆ
โMy birthday is โฆโ - แฉแแแ แแแแแแแแแก แแฆแ โฆ-แแ.
chemi dabadis dghe โฆ-ia
โMy birthday is on โฆ .โ
Examples:
- แฉแแแ แแแแแแแแแก แแฆแ แแ แแก แแชแแแแ แ แแแแแกแ.
chemi dabadis dghe aris otsdaori ivlisi
โMy birthday is on the 22nd of July.โ - แฉแแแ แแแแแแแแแก แแฆแ แแแ แแแแขแ แแฅแขแแแแแ แแ.
chemi dabadis dghe tertmeti oktomberia
โMy birthday is the 11th of October.โ
To ask someone:
- แ แแแแก แแ แแก แจแแแ แแแแแแแแแก แแฆแ?
rodis aris sheni dabadis dghe?
โWhen is your birthday?โ (informal) - แ แแแแก แแ แแก แแฅแแแแ แแแแแแแแแก แแฆแ?
rodis aris tkveni dabadis dghe?
โWhen is your birthday?โ (polite / plural)
You can use the same แ แแแแก แแ แแกโฆ? pattern for holidays too:
- แ แแแแก แแ แแก แจแแแ?
rodis aris shoba?
โWhen is Christmas?โ - แ แแแแก แแ แแก แแแแแแกแแแ?
rodis aris tbilisoba?
โWhen is Tbilisoba?โ
Asking and Answering โWhat / Which Date?โ
Another useful question pattern:
- แ แแแแแ แ แแชแฎแแแ แแฆแแก?
romeli ricโkhvia dghe-s?
โWhich day of the month is it today?โ / โWhat is todayโs date?โ
You can answer with just the number, or number and month:
- แแชแ แ แแชแฎแแแ.
otsi ricโkhvia
โIt is the 20th.โ - แแแ แแแแแกแแ.
ati ivnisia
โIt is the tenth of June.โ
A more complete answer:
- แแฆแแก แแ แแก แแชแแแแ แแ แแแแแกแขแ.
dghe-s aris otsdaerti agvisto
โToday is the twenty-first of August.โ
Talking About Holidays in Sentences
Here are some short, beginner-friendly sentence patterns that combine dates and holidays.
Saying you like or celebrate a holiday
- แแ แแแงแแแ แก แแฎแแแ แฌแแแ.
me miqvars akhali tsโeli
โI like New Year.โ - แแ แซแแแแแ แแแงแแแ แก แจแแแ.
me dzalian miqvars shoba
โI love Christmas very much.โ - แฉแแแ แแแแแแแแ แแแแแฃแแแแแแแแแแก แแฆแแก.
chven vzeimobt damoukideblobis dghes
โWe celebrate Independence Day.โ - แฉแแแ แแแแแแแแ แจแแแแก แจแแแ แแแแแแ แก.
chven vzeimobt shobas shvid ianuars
โWe celebrate Christmas on the 7th of January.โ
Even if you do not yet know the verb forms in detail, you can recognize these sentences and start to remember the patterns.
Talking about free days or plans
- แแ แแฆแแก แแ แแแฃแจแแแ.
am dghes ar vmushavob
โI do not work on this day.โ - แจแแแแฃแแแแ แแแแแกแขแแจแ แแแฅแแก.
shvuebleba agvistoshi makvs
โI have vacation in August.โ - แแฎแแแ แฌแแแก แแฆแแก แกแแฎแแจแ แแแ .
akhali tsโelis dghes sakhlshi var
โOn New Yearโs Day I am at home.โ
Important Pattern Summary
Useful beginner patterns:
- Asking the date:
แแฆแแก แ แแแแแแ แแแแ แแ แแก? / แแฆแแก แ แ แแแ แแฆแแ? - Saying the date:
แแฆแแก แแ แแก [day number] [month]. - Asking โWhen is โฆ?โ:
แ แแแแก แแ แแก [holiday / event]? - Talking about birthday:
แฉแแแ แแแแแแแแแก แแฆแ แแ แแก [date]. - Saying โ[Holiday] is on [date]โ:
[Holiday] แแ แแก [date].
Vocabulary from this Chapter
| Georgian | Pronunciation | English meaning |
|---|---|---|
| แแแ แแฆแ | tarigi | date (calendar) |
| แแฆแ | dghe | day |
| แแแ | tve | month |
| แฌแแแ | tseli | year |
| แแฎแแแ แฌแแแ | akhali tsโeli | New Year |
| แซแแแแ แแฎแแแ แฌแแแ | dzveli akhali tsโeli | Old New Year |
| แจแแแ | shoba | Christmas |
| แแฆแแแแแ | aghdgoma | Easter |
| แแแแแก แแฆแ | dedis dghe | Motherโs Day |
| แฅแแแแ แกแแแ แแแจแแ แแกแ แแฆแ | kaltโa saertashoriso dghe | International Womenโs Day |
| แแแแแฃแแแแแแแแแแก แแฆแ | damoukideblobis dghe | Independence Day |
| แแแแ แแแแ | giorgoba | St Georgeโs Day |
| แแแแแแกแแแ | tbilisoba | Tbilisi City Festival |
| แแแแแแแแแก แแฆแ | dabadis dghe | birthday |
| แกแแฎแแแแแแก แแฆแ | sakhelobis dghe | name day |
| แ แแแแก | rodis | when |
| แ แแแแแ แ แแชแฎแแ | romeli ricโkhvi | which date / which day of month |
| แแแงแแแ แก | miqvars | I like / I love |
| แแแแแแแ | vzeimob | I celebrate |
| แจแแแแฃแแแแ | shvuebleba | vacation, holiday (time off) |
| แแ แแแฃแจแแแ | ar vmushavob | I do not work |
This gives you enough to start asking and answering about dates and some of the main holidays in Georgia.
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