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7.2. Describing Appearance

Understanding Physical Appearance in Georgian

In this chapter you learn how to talk about what people look like in Georgian. You already know basics about adjectives and pronouns from other chapters, so here we focus only on vocabulary and very simple patterns that are specific to appearance.

We will not go deep into grammar rules of agreement or cases here, only what you need for basic descriptions.


Useful Sentence Patterns for Appearance

For simple descriptions, you can often use patterns with the verb โ€œto beโ€ (you will study this verb in detail elsewhere).

A very handy pattern is:

Table with third person singular:

EnglishGeorgianLiteral note
He is tall.แƒ˜แƒก แƒ›แƒแƒฆแƒแƒšแƒ˜แƒ.is magaslia
She is beautiful.แƒ˜แƒก เคธเฅเค‚เคฆเคฐแƒ˜แƒ. (incorrect)
She is beautiful.แƒ˜แƒก แƒšแƒแƒ›แƒแƒ–แƒ˜แƒ.is lamazia
He is fat.แƒ˜แƒก แƒ›แƒกแƒฃแƒฅแƒแƒœแƒ˜แƒ.is msuqania
She is thin.แƒ˜แƒก แƒ’แƒแƒ›แƒฎแƒ“แƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒ.is gamkhdria

Note that แƒ˜แƒก is means both โ€œheโ€ and โ€œshe,โ€ context makes it clear.

Another basic pattern:

EnglishGeorgian
The girl is blonde.แƒ’แƒแƒ’แƒ แƒฅแƒ”แƒ แƒแƒ.
The boy is strong.แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒญแƒ˜ แƒซแƒšแƒ˜แƒ”แƒ แƒ˜แƒ.
My friend is handsome.แƒฉแƒ”แƒ›แƒ˜ แƒ›แƒ”แƒ’แƒแƒ‘แƒแƒ แƒ˜ แƒกแƒ˜แƒ›แƒžแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒฃแƒ แƒ˜แƒ.

Often, โ€œแƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒกโ€ can be contracted or omitted in casual speech. For beginners, it is safe to include it when you speak.


Talking About Height

Height is one of the most common parts of appearance.

Key adjectives:

EnglishGeorgianPronunciation (rough)
tallแƒ›แƒแƒฆแƒแƒšแƒ˜magas-i
short (stature)แƒ“แƒแƒ‘แƒแƒšแƒ˜dabali
of medium heightแƒกแƒแƒจแƒฃแƒแƒšแƒ แƒกแƒ˜แƒ›แƒแƒฆแƒšแƒ˜แƒกsashualo simagh-lis

Examples:

EnglishGeorgian
He is tall.แƒ˜แƒก แƒ›แƒแƒฆแƒแƒšแƒ˜แƒ.
She is short.แƒ˜แƒ’แƒ˜ แƒ“แƒแƒ‘แƒแƒšแƒ˜แƒ.
She is of medium height.แƒ˜แƒก แƒกแƒแƒจแƒฃแƒแƒšแƒ แƒกแƒ˜แƒ›แƒแƒฆแƒšแƒ˜แƒกแƒแƒ.
My brother is very tall.แƒฉแƒ”แƒ›แƒ˜ แƒซแƒ›แƒ แƒซแƒแƒšแƒ˜แƒแƒœ แƒ›แƒแƒฆแƒแƒšแƒ˜แƒ.
The child is short.แƒ‘แƒแƒ•แƒจแƒ•แƒ˜ แƒ“แƒแƒ‘แƒแƒšแƒ˜แƒ.

For โ€œveryโ€ you can use แƒซแƒแƒšแƒ˜แƒแƒœ dzalian.


Talking About Body Build

Basic words for build:

EnglishGeorgianPronunciation (rough)
thin / slimแƒ’แƒแƒ›แƒฎแƒ“แƒแƒ แƒ˜gamkhdari
fatแƒ›แƒกแƒฃแƒฅแƒแƒœแƒ˜msuqani
strongแƒซแƒšแƒ˜แƒ”แƒ แƒ˜dzlieri
weakแƒกแƒฃแƒกแƒขแƒ˜susti

Examples:

EnglishGeorgian
He is slim.แƒ˜แƒก แƒ’แƒแƒ›แƒฎแƒ“แƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒ.
She is fat.แƒ˜แƒก แƒ›แƒกแƒฃแƒฅแƒแƒœแƒ˜แƒ.
My father is strong.แƒฉแƒ”แƒ›แƒ˜ แƒ›แƒแƒ›แƒ แƒซแƒšแƒ˜แƒ”แƒ แƒ˜แƒ.
The old man is weak.แƒ‘แƒ”แƒ แƒ˜แƒ™แƒแƒชแƒ˜ แƒกแƒฃแƒกแƒขแƒ˜แƒ.

You can soften โ€œfatโ€ by adding โ€œa littleโ€:

Talking About Hair

Hair color

Use the noun for hair plus an adjective, or say โ€œHe is blondโ€ etc.

Key words:

EnglishGeorgian
hairแƒ—แƒ›แƒ
black hairแƒจแƒแƒ•แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ
brown hairแƒงแƒแƒ•แƒ˜แƒกแƒคแƒ”แƒ แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ
blond hairแƒฅแƒ”แƒ แƒ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ
red hairแƒฌแƒ˜แƒ—แƒ”แƒšแƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ
gray hairแƒญแƒแƒฆแƒแƒ แƒ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ
white hairแƒ—แƒ”แƒ—แƒ แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ

Describing a personโ€™s hair:

EnglishGeorgian
She has black hair.แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒจแƒแƒ•แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.
He has blond hair.แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒฅแƒ”แƒ แƒ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.
My mother has brown hair.แƒฉแƒ”แƒ›แƒก แƒ“แƒ”แƒ“แƒแƒก แƒงแƒแƒ•แƒ˜แƒกแƒคแƒ”แƒ แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.
The old man has gray hair.แƒ‘แƒ”แƒ  แƒ™แƒแƒชแƒก แƒญแƒแƒฆแƒแƒ แƒ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.

You will study the verb โ€œto haveโ€ elsewhere, here you only see it used with hair.

You can also say simply:

Some useful adjectives based on hair:

EnglishGeorgian
blond (person)แƒฅแƒ”แƒ แƒ
dark-hairedแƒจแƒแƒ•แƒ—แƒ›แƒ˜แƒแƒœแƒ˜
red-hairedแƒฌแƒ˜แƒ—แƒฃแƒ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ˜แƒแƒœแƒ˜

Hair length and style

Basic adjectives:

EnglishGeorgian
short (length)แƒ›แƒแƒ™แƒšแƒ”
longแƒ’แƒ แƒซแƒ”แƒšแƒ˜
curlyแƒ’แƒ แƒ”แƒฎแƒ˜แƒšแƒ˜ / แƒฎแƒฃแƒญแƒฃแƒญแƒ
straightแƒกแƒฌแƒแƒ แƒ˜

Examples:

EnglishGeorgian
She has long hair.แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒ’แƒ แƒซแƒ”แƒšแƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.
He has short hair.แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒ›แƒแƒ™แƒšแƒ” แƒ—แƒ›แƒ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.
The girl has curly hair.แƒ’แƒแƒ’แƒแƒก แƒฎแƒฃแƒญแƒฃแƒญแƒ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.
My friend has straight hair.แƒฉแƒ”แƒ›แƒก แƒ›แƒ”แƒ’แƒแƒ‘แƒแƒ แƒก แƒกแƒฌแƒแƒ แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.

You can combine color and length:

Talking About Eyes

Eye color

Key words:

EnglishGeorgian
eyeแƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ˜
eyesแƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜
blue eyesแƒชแƒ˜แƒกแƒคแƒ”แƒ แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜
green eyesแƒ›แƒฌแƒ•แƒแƒœแƒ” แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜
brown eyesแƒงแƒแƒ•แƒ˜แƒกแƒคแƒ”แƒ แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜
black eyesแƒจแƒแƒ•แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜
gray eyesแƒ›แƒแƒœแƒแƒชแƒ แƒ˜แƒกแƒคแƒ แƒ แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜ (more advanced)

Simple patterns:

EnglishGeorgian
She has blue eyes.แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒชแƒ˜แƒกแƒคแƒ”แƒ แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.
He has brown eyes.แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒงแƒแƒ•แƒ˜แƒกแƒคแƒ”แƒ แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.
The child has green eyes.แƒ‘แƒแƒ•แƒจแƒ•แƒก แƒ›แƒฌแƒ•แƒแƒœแƒ” แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.
My sister has black eyes.แƒฉแƒ”แƒ›แƒก แƒ“แƒแƒก แƒจแƒแƒ•แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.

You can also say:

Eye shape and size

A few basic adjectives:

EnglishGeorgian
bigแƒ“แƒ˜แƒ“แƒ˜
smallแƒžแƒแƒขแƒแƒ แƒ
beautifulแƒšแƒแƒ›แƒแƒ–แƒ˜

Examples:


EnglishGeorgian
She has big eyes.แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒ“แƒ˜แƒ“แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.
He has small eyes.แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒžแƒแƒขแƒแƒ แƒ แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.
She has beautiful eyes.แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒšแƒแƒ›แƒแƒ–แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.

Face and General Features

Face

Useful words:

EnglishGeorgian
faceแƒกแƒแƒฎแƒ”
beautifulแƒšแƒแƒ›แƒแƒ–แƒ˜
handsomeแƒกแƒ˜แƒ›แƒžแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒฃแƒ แƒ˜
uglyแƒฃแƒจแƒœแƒ
youngแƒแƒฎแƒแƒšแƒ’แƒแƒ–แƒ แƒ“แƒ
oldแƒ›แƒแƒฎแƒฃแƒชแƒ˜ / แƒ‘แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ”แƒ แƒ˜

Examples:

EnglishGeorgian
She is beautiful.แƒ˜แƒก แƒšแƒแƒ›แƒแƒ–แƒ˜แƒ.
He is handsome.แƒ˜แƒก แƒกแƒ˜แƒ›แƒžแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒฃแƒ แƒ˜แƒ.
He is old.แƒ˜แƒก แƒ›แƒแƒฎแƒฃแƒชแƒ˜แƒ.
She is young.แƒ˜แƒก แƒแƒฎแƒแƒšแƒ’แƒแƒ–แƒ แƒ“แƒแƒแƒ.
The girl has a beautiful face.แƒ’แƒแƒ’แƒแƒก แƒšแƒแƒ›แƒแƒ–แƒ˜ แƒกแƒแƒฎแƒ” แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.

Other simple body parts

Just for basic descriptions:

EnglishGeorgian
noseแƒชแƒฎแƒ•แƒ˜แƒ แƒ˜
mouthแƒžแƒ˜แƒ แƒ˜
lipsแƒขแƒฃแƒฉแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜
earsแƒงแƒฃแƒ แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜
beardแƒฌแƒ•แƒ”แƒ แƒ˜
moustacheแƒฃแƒšแƒ•แƒแƒจแƒ˜

Examples:


EnglishGeorgian
He has a beard.แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒฌแƒ•แƒ”แƒ แƒ˜ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.
He has a moustache.แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒฃแƒšแƒ•แƒแƒจแƒ˜ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.
She has small nose.แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒžแƒแƒขแƒแƒ แƒ แƒชแƒฎแƒ•แƒ˜แƒ แƒ˜ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.
He has big ears.แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒ“แƒ˜แƒ“แƒ˜ แƒงแƒฃแƒ แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.

Describing Age in a Simple Way

Talking about exact age uses grammar that belongs to numbers and age, but to give a very simple idea of โ€œyoungโ€ and โ€œoldโ€ you can use just adjectives.

Key adjectives:

EnglishGeorgian
youngแƒแƒฎแƒแƒšแƒ’แƒแƒ–แƒ แƒ“แƒ
oldแƒ›แƒแƒฎแƒฃแƒชแƒ˜ / แƒ‘แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ”แƒ แƒ˜

Examples:

EnglishGeorgian
She is young.แƒ˜แƒก แƒแƒฎแƒแƒšแƒ’แƒแƒ–แƒ แƒ“แƒแƒแƒ.
He is old.แƒ˜แƒก แƒ›แƒแƒฎแƒฃแƒชแƒ˜แƒ.
My grandmother is old.แƒฉแƒ”แƒ›แƒ˜ แƒ‘แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒ แƒ›แƒแƒฎแƒฃแƒชแƒ˜แƒ.
My friend is young.แƒฉแƒ”แƒ›แƒ˜ แƒ›แƒ”แƒ’แƒแƒ‘แƒแƒ แƒ˜ แƒแƒฎแƒแƒšแƒ’แƒแƒ–แƒ แƒ“แƒแƒ.

You will later learn how to say โ€œI am 20 years oldโ€ with numbers.


Combining Multiple Details

You can easily combine several adjectives for a more complete description.

Structure:
Subject + แƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒก /แƒแƒ + adjective + adjective.
Or with hair and eyes, use โ€œhasโ€ patterns.

Examples:

EnglishGeorgian
She is tall and slim.แƒ˜แƒก แƒ›แƒแƒฆแƒแƒšแƒ˜ แƒ“แƒ แƒ’แƒแƒ›แƒฎแƒ“แƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒ.
He is short and fat.แƒ˜แƒก แƒ“แƒแƒ‘แƒแƒšแƒ˜ แƒ“แƒ แƒ›แƒกแƒฃแƒฅแƒแƒœแƒ˜แƒ.
She is young and beautiful.แƒ˜แƒก แƒแƒฎแƒแƒšแƒ’แƒแƒ–แƒ แƒ“แƒ แƒ“แƒ แƒšแƒแƒ›แƒแƒ–แƒ˜แƒ.
He is tall, blond and blue-eyed.แƒ˜แƒก แƒ›แƒแƒฆแƒแƒšแƒ˜แƒ, แƒฅแƒ”แƒ แƒแƒ แƒ“แƒ แƒชแƒ˜แƒกแƒคแƒ”แƒ แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜แƒแƒœแƒ˜แƒ.
She has long dark hair and brown eyes.แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒ’แƒ แƒซแƒ”แƒšแƒ˜ แƒจแƒแƒ•แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ แƒ“แƒ แƒงแƒแƒ•แƒ˜แƒกแƒคแƒ”แƒ แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก.

Try making your own short sentences by changing only one word at a time. This helps you remember patterns.


Simple Questions About Appearance

You can ask very basic questions to get descriptions. Here we only use very simple forms.

Some useful questions:

EnglishGeorgian
What does he look like?แƒ˜แƒก แƒ แƒแƒ’แƒแƒ แƒ˜ แƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒก?
What does she look like?แƒ˜แƒก แƒ แƒแƒ’แƒแƒ แƒ˜ แƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒก?
Is he tall?แƒ˜แƒก แƒ›แƒแƒฆแƒแƒšแƒ˜แƒ?
Is she beautiful?แƒ˜แƒก แƒšแƒแƒ›แƒแƒ–แƒ˜แƒ?
Does she have long hair?แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒ’แƒ แƒซแƒ”แƒšแƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก?
Does he have blue eyes?แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒชแƒ˜แƒกแƒคแƒ”แƒ แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก?

Very short answers:

EnglishGeorgian
Yes, he is tall.แƒ™แƒ˜, แƒ˜แƒก แƒ›แƒแƒฆแƒแƒšแƒ˜แƒ.
No, he is short.แƒแƒ แƒ, แƒ˜แƒก แƒ“แƒแƒ‘แƒแƒšแƒ˜แƒ.
Yes, she is.แƒ™แƒ˜, แƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒก.
No, she is not.แƒแƒ แƒ, แƒแƒ  แƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒก.

You will learn more about forming questions elsewhere, here you only see simple yesโ€“no patterns.


Important Reminder

When you describe appearance, you often use patterns with โ€œto beโ€ and โ€œto haveโ€:

  • X แƒแƒ แƒ˜แƒก แƒ›แƒแƒฆแƒแƒšแƒ˜. โ€œX is tall.โ€
  • แƒ›แƒแƒก แƒ’แƒ แƒซแƒ”แƒšแƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ แƒแƒฅแƒ•แƒก. โ€œHe / she has long hair.โ€
    The full conjugation of these verbs and more complex grammar is covered in other chapters. Here you focus on memorizing useful words and simple ready-made phrases.

Vocabulary List for This Chapter

Below is a list of new or important words from this chapter.

EnglishGeorgian
he / sheแƒ˜แƒก
tallแƒ›แƒแƒฆแƒแƒšแƒ˜
short (stature)แƒ“แƒแƒ‘แƒแƒšแƒ˜
of medium heightแƒกแƒแƒจแƒฃแƒแƒšแƒ แƒกแƒ˜แƒ›แƒแƒฆแƒšแƒ˜แƒก
slim / thinแƒ’แƒแƒ›แƒฎแƒ“แƒแƒ แƒ˜
fatแƒ›แƒกแƒฃแƒฅแƒแƒœแƒ˜
strongแƒซแƒšแƒ˜แƒ”แƒ แƒ˜
weakแƒกแƒฃแƒกแƒขแƒ˜
youngแƒแƒฎแƒแƒšแƒ’แƒแƒ–แƒ แƒ“แƒ
oldแƒ›แƒแƒฎแƒฃแƒชแƒ˜ / แƒ‘แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ”แƒ แƒ˜
beautifulแƒšแƒแƒ›แƒแƒ–แƒ˜
handsomeแƒกแƒ˜แƒ›แƒžแƒแƒ—แƒ˜แƒฃแƒ แƒ˜
faceแƒกแƒแƒฎแƒ”
hairแƒ—แƒ›แƒ
blond (hair)แƒฅแƒ”แƒ แƒ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ
blond (person)แƒฅแƒ”แƒ แƒ
dark-hairedแƒจแƒแƒ•แƒ—แƒ›แƒ˜แƒแƒœแƒ˜
red-hairedแƒฌแƒ˜แƒ—แƒฃแƒ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ˜แƒแƒœแƒ˜
black hairแƒจแƒแƒ•แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ
brown hairแƒงแƒแƒ•แƒ˜แƒกแƒคแƒ”แƒ แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ
red hairแƒฌแƒ˜แƒ—แƒ”แƒšแƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ
gray hairแƒญแƒแƒฆแƒแƒ แƒ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ
white hairแƒ—แƒ”แƒ—แƒ แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ›แƒ
short (length)แƒ›แƒแƒ™แƒšแƒ”
longแƒ’แƒ แƒซแƒ”แƒšแƒ˜
curlyแƒ’แƒ แƒ”แƒฎแƒ˜แƒšแƒ˜ / แƒฎแƒฃแƒญแƒฃแƒญแƒ
straightแƒกแƒฌแƒแƒ แƒ˜
eyeแƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ˜
eyesแƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜
blue eyesแƒชแƒ˜แƒกแƒคแƒ”แƒ แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜
green eyesแƒ›แƒฌแƒ•แƒแƒœแƒ” แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜
brown eyesแƒงแƒแƒ•แƒ˜แƒกแƒคแƒ”แƒ แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜
black eyesแƒจแƒแƒ•แƒ˜ แƒ—แƒ•แƒแƒšแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜
bigแƒ“แƒ˜แƒ“แƒ˜
smallแƒžแƒแƒขแƒแƒ แƒ
noseแƒชแƒฎแƒ•แƒ˜แƒ แƒ˜
mouthแƒžแƒ˜แƒ แƒ˜
lipsแƒขแƒฃแƒฉแƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜
earsแƒงแƒฃแƒ แƒ”แƒ‘แƒ˜
beardแƒฌแƒ•แƒ”แƒ แƒ˜
moustacheแƒฃแƒšแƒ•แƒแƒจแƒ˜
veryแƒซแƒแƒšแƒ˜แƒแƒœ
a bit / a littleแƒ”แƒ แƒ—เฆŸเง
andแƒ“แƒ
what kind, how (quality)แƒ แƒแƒ’แƒแƒ แƒ˜

Use these words to practice short descriptions of yourself, your friends, and characters in pictures or films.

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