9.4. Talking About Routine and Habit
Table of Contents
Understanding Routine and Habit in Georgian
In this chapter you learn how to talk about what you usually do, what you always do, and what you never do. You already know the basic present tense. Now you will add the idea of habit and routine to it.
Georgian uses the same present tense forms that you already know. To show that something is a habit, you mostly add time words and adverbs such as โalwaysโ, โoftenโ, and โevery dayโ.
Key idea:
To talk about routine and habit in Georgian, you normally use the present tense together with frequency words like โevery dayโ, โalwaysโ, โoftenโ.
Time Expressions for Routine
These expressions tell how often or when something usually happens. They are very common in routine sentences.
Basic daily and weekly expressions
| English | Georgian (Latin) | Georgian (Mkhedruli) |
|---|---|---|
| every day | kvela dghes | แงแแแแ แแฆแ |
| every morning | kvela dilas | แงแแแแแ แแแแแ |
| every evening | kvela ghame | แงแแแแแ แกแแฆแแแแก |
| every night | kvela ghamis | แงแแแแแ แฆแแแแ |
| every week | kvela kviras | แงแแแแ แแแแ แแก |
| every weekend | kvela weekendโs | แงแแแแ แฃแแฅแแแแก |
| every month | kvela tves | แงแแแแ แแแแจแ |
| on Mondays | orshabatebs | แแ แจแแแแแแแ |
| on Fridays | paraskevebs | แแแ แแกแแแแแแแ |
Note: In real Georgian there are several forms. At this level, focus on the pattern โkvela + time wordโ for โevery โฆโ.
Examples
- I work every day.
Me vimushaob kvela dghes.
แแ แแแฃแจแแแ แงแแแแ แแฆแ. - We study every evening.
Chven viswavlobt kvela ghame.
แฉแแแ แแกแฌแแแแแแ แงแแแแแ แกแแฆแแแแก. - She runs every morning.
Is dgebit dodebis kvela dilas.
แแก แแแแแ แแแ แแแก แงแแแแแ แแแแแ. - On Sundays I rest.
Kvirebs visveneb.
แแแแ แแแแแ แแแกแแแแแ.
Frequency adverbs
These words show how often something happens. Put them close to the verb, usually before the verb in everyday speech.
| English | Georgian (Latin) | Georgian (Mkhedruli) |
|---|---|---|
| always | zalian khshirad / yoveltvis | แซแแแแแ แฎแจแแ แแ / แงแแแแแแแแก |
| usually | dziritadat | แซแแ แแแแแแ |
| often | khshirad | แฎแจแแ แแ |
| sometimes | khome / droebit | แฎแแแแ / แแ แแแแแ |
| rarely | yvelapherze ara khshirad | แงแแแแแคแแ แแ แแ แ แฎแจแแ แแ |
| never | artsodes | แแ แแกแแแแก |
For beginners it is enough to remember:
- yoveltvis โalwaysโ
- dziritadat โusuallyโ
- khshirad โoftenโ
- kholeme โsometimesโ
- artsodes โneverโ
Examples
- I always drink coffee in the morning.
Me yoveltvis vlio kavs dilit.
แแ แงแแแแแแแแก แแกแแแ แงแแแแก แแแแแ. - He usually reads in the evening.
Is dziritadat kitkhulobs saghamos.
แแก แซแแ แแแแแแ แแแแฎแฃแแแแก แกแแฆแแแแก. - We often watch TV.
Chven khshirad vkitkhoobt televizors.
แฉแแแ แฎแจแแ แแ แแฃแงแฃแ แแแ แขแแแแแแแแ แก. - They sometimes cook at home.
Isini kholeme amzadeben sakhlshi.
แแกแแแ แฎแแแแ แแแแแแแแแ แกแแฎแแจแ. - I never eat meat.
Me artsodes var tsxovis mkone.
แแ แแ แแกแแแแก แแญแแ แฎแแ แชแก.
Rule for โneverโ:
To say โneverโ, artsodes is enough. The verb stays in the normal present tense, for example:
Me artsodes gadavamtsmeb. โI never miss (it).โ
Talking About Daily Routine
Now combine present tense verbs with time expressions. The structure is simple.
Typical English pattern:
โI + usually + verb + in the morning.โ
Typical Georgian pattern:
โme + time expression + frequency + verb.โ
Word order is flexible in Georgian, but this order is natural and easy for beginners.
Morning routine examples
- I wake up at seven oโclock.
Me vikvdebi shvid saatze.
แแ แแแฆแแแซแแ แจแแแ แกแแแแแ. - I usually wake up at eight.
Me dziritadat vikvdebi rva saatze.
แแ แซแแ แแแแแแ แแแฆแแแซแแ แ แแ แกแแแแแ. - Every morning I drink tea.
Kvela dilas me vlio chais.
แงแแแแ แแแแแ แแ แแกแแแ แฉแแแก. - I often eat breakfast at home.
Me khshirad vtsameb sabavshos sakhlshi.
แแ แฎแจแแ แแ แแญแแ แกแแฃแแแแก แกแแฎแแจแ. - I never drink coffee in the evening.
Me artsodes vlio kavs ghame.
แแ แแ แแกแแแแก แแกแแแ แงแแแแก แกแแฆแแแแก.
Work or study routine
- I go to work every day.
Me kvela dghes midivar samushaoze.
แแ แงแแแแ แแฆแ แแแแแแแแ แกแแแกแแฎแฃแ แจแ. - He usually starts work at nine.
Is dziritadat itkhebs samushaos tsxra saatze.
แแก แซแแ แแแแแแ แแฌแงแแแก แกแแแกแแฎแฃแ แก แชแฎแ แ แกแแแแแ. - We study Georgian three times a week.
Chven kvirashi sami jer viswavlobt kartuls.
แฉแแแ แแแแ แแจแ แกแแแฏแแ แแกแฌแแแแแแ แฅแแ แแฃแแก. - They often work from home.
Isini khshirad mushoben sakhlidan.
แแกแแแ แฎแจแแ แแ แแฃแจแแแแแ แกแแฎแแแแแ. - I sometimes finish work late.
Me droebit vatsruleb samushaos gaimdzlavshi.
แแ แฎแแแแ แแแแแแแ แแ แกแแแกแแฎแฃแ แก แแแแแ.
Habitual โkholemeโ
Georgian has a special marker โkholemeโ that shows something happens regularly. It often comes after the verb or after the whole phrase.
| Pattern | Example in Georgian | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| verb + kholeme | vitvaliereb kholeme | I usually visit. |
| sentence + kholeme | Tavisuplebze parkshi midian kholeme. | On holidays they go to the park (as a habit). |
Examples
- On Sundays I usually rest.
Kvirebs visveneb kholeme.
แแแแ แแแแแ แแแกแแแแแ แฎแแแแ. - He drinks coffee in the afternoon (as a habit).
Is shuadghes kavs vlio kholeme.
แแก แจแฃแแแฆแแก แงแแแแก แกแแแแก แฎแแแแ. - We go to the cinema on Fridays (we have this habit).
Paraskevebs kinoda midivt kholeme.
แแแ แแกแแแแแแแ แแแแแ แแแแแแแแ แ แฎแแแแ. - They eat out on weekends (usually).
Weekendebze isini gare vitameben kholeme.
แฃแแฅแแแแแแแ แแกแแแ แแแ แแ แแแแฎแจแแแแแ แฎแแแแ.
Habit marker:
Use kholeme to show a regular or typical habit.
It does not change the verb form, it is just added to the sentence.
Describing Weekly Routine
You can list actions one after another to describe a whole day or week.
Using sequence words
Here are simple words to organize your routine description.
| English | Georgian (Latin) | Georgian (Mkhedruli) |
|---|---|---|
| first | pirvelad | แแแ แแแแ |
| then | shemdeg | แจแแแแแ |
| after that | imis shemdeg | แแแแก แจแแแแแ |
| finally | bolos | แแแแแก |
Example: My weekday routine
Me kvela dghi pirvelad vikvdebi shvid saatze. Shemdeg vsvli shavs, da vliob chais. Imis shemdeg midivar samushaoze. Bolos, ghame sukavdebi da vkitkhulob tsignis.
แแ แงแแแแ แแฆแ แแแ แแแแ แแแฆแแแซแแ แจแแแ แกแแแแแ. แจแแแแแ แแแฎแแฎแแ แแแแแแแก แแ แแกแแแ แฉแแแก. แแแแก แจแแแแแ แแแแแแแแ แกแแแกแแฎแฃแ แจแ. แแแแแก, แกแแฆแแแแก แแแกแแแแแ แแ แแแแแฎแฃแแแ แฌแแแแก.
Translation:
โEvery day first I wake up at seven oโclock. Then I brush my teeth and drink tea. After that I go to work. Finally, in the evening I rest and read a book.โ
Talking About Personal Habits
You also use the same tools to talk about personal preferences and small daily habits.
Health and lifestyle habits
- I always drink water.
Me yoveltvis vlio tsqals.
แแ แงแแแแแแแแก แแกแแแ แฌแงแแแก. - I rarely eat sweets.
Me ara khshirad vtsameb tmis natsrebs.
แแ แแ แ แฎแจแแ แแ แแญแแ แขแแแแแแฃแแก. - He usually walks to work.
Is dziritadat tura midis samushaoze.
แแก แซแแ แแแแแแ แคแแฎแแ แแแแแก แกแแแกแแฎแฃแ แจแ. - We often go to the gym.
Chven khshirad midivt sportzalis.
แฉแแแ แฎแจแแ แแ แแแแแแแแ แ แกแแแ แขแแแ แแแแจแ. - They never smoke.
Isini artsodes eubebian.
แแกแแแ แแ แแกแแแแก แแฌแแแแแ.
Home and free time habits
- I usually cook at home.
Me dziritadat sakhlshi viamzadeb.
แแ แซแแ แแแแแแ แกแแฎแแจแ แแแแแแแแ. - We often watch movies at night.
Chven khshirad vukurebt pilmebs ghamis.
แฉแแแ แฎแจแแ แแ แแฃแงแฃแ แแแ แคแแแแแแก แฆแแแแ. - He always plays the guitar in the evening.
Is yoveltvis bajos ukvs ghame.
แแก แงแแแแแแแแก แฃแแ แแแก แแแขแแ แแก แกแแฆแแแแก. - Sometimes I read in bed.
Droebit me vkitkhulob satvalashshi.
แแ แแแแแ แแ แแแแแฎแฃแแแ แกแแฌแแแจแ. - They usually listen to music at home.
Isini dziritadat shentan audits musikassakhlshi.
แแกแแแ แซแแ แแแแแแ แขแแแแแแ แแฃแกแแแแก แกแแฎแแจแ.
Asking About Someoneโs Routine
To ask about routine, you use yesโno and whโquestions in the present tense, and add time expressions or frequency words.
Simple questions about daily routine
- What time do you wake up?
Rasam saatze gikhvdebi?
แ แแ แกแแแแแ แแฆแแแซแแ? - Do you usually eat breakfast?
Dziritadat tsameb sabavshos?
แซแแ แแแแแแ แญแแ แกแแฃแแแแก? - Where do you work?
Sad mushob?
แกแแ แแฃแจแแแ? - How often do you go to the gym?
Ra khshirad midixar sportzalis?
แ แ แฎแจแแ แแ แแแแแฎแแ แกแแแ แขแแแ แแแแจแ? - Do you always drink coffee in the morning?
Yoveltvis vtsameb kavs dilit?
แงแแแแแแแแก แกแแแ แงแแแแก แแแแแ?
Short answer patterns
Use short answers with the present tense to reply.
- Ki, dziritadat.
แแ, แซแแ แแแแแแ.
โYes, usually.โ - Ki, khshirad midivar.
แแ, แฎแจแแ แแ แแแแแแแแ .
โYes, I often go.โ - Ara, artsodes.
แแ แ, แแ แแกแแแแก.
โNo, never.โ - Ara, dzalian yvela dro ar.
แแ แ, แซแแแแแ แแจแแแแแแ.
โNo, very rarely.โ
Mini dialogue
A: Ra khshirad midixar universitetshi?
แ แ แฎแจแแ แแ แแแแแฎแแ แฃแแแแแ แกแแขแแขแจแ?
โHow often do you go to university?โ
B: Kvela dghes midivar. Dziritadat dilit.
แงแแแแ แแฆแ แแแแแแแแ . แซแแ แแแแแแ แแแแแ.
โI go every day. Usually in the morning.โ
Describing Weekly Habits of Others
Practice talking about other peopleโs routines with โheโ, โsheโ, โweโ, โtheyโ.
Family routines
- My mother always gets up early.
Chemi deda yoveltvis adre dgebeba.
แฉแแแ แแแแ แงแแแแแแแแก แแแ แ แแแแแ. - My father often works late.
Chemi mama khshirad mushobs gvian.
แฉแแแ แแแแ แฎแจแแ แแ แแฃแจแแแแก แแแแแ. - My sister usually studies in the evening.
Chemi da dziritadat iswavlis saghamos.
แฉแแแ แแ แซแแ แแแแแแ แกแฌแแแแแแก แกแแฆแแแแก. - My brother never cooks.
Chemi dzma artsodes amzadebs.
แฉแแแ แซแแ แแ แแกแแแแก แแแแแแแแก. - We always have dinner together.
Chven yoveltvis ertad vakhsovt samends.
แฉแแแ แงแแแแแแแแก แแ แแแ แแแฎแจแแแแ.
Practice: Small Routine Paragraphs
Use the patterns from this chapter to create short descriptions.
Example 1: Simple student routine
Me studenti var. Kvela dghes vikvdebi tskhra saatze. Kvela dilas vtsameb sabavshos da vliob chais. Shemdeg midivar universitetshi. Ghame, dziritadat vkitkhulob da viswavlob kartuls. Weekendebze visveneb kholeme.
แแ แกแขแฃแแแแขแ แแแ . แงแแแแ แแฆแ แแแฆแแแซแแ แชแฎแ แ แกแแแแแ. แงแแแแ แแแแแ แแญแแ แกแแฃแแแแก แแ แแกแแแ แฉแแแก. แจแแแแแ แแแแแแแแ แฃแแแแแ แกแแขแแขแจแ. แกแแฆแแแแก, แซแแ แแแแแแ แแแแแฎแฃแแแ แแ แแกแฌแแแแแ แฅแแ แแฃแแก. แฃแแฅแแแแแแแ แแแกแแแแแ แฎแแแแ.
Translation:
โI am a student. Every day I wake up at nine oโclock. Every morning I eat breakfast and drink tea. Then I go to university. In the evening I usually read and study Georgian. On weekends I usually rest.โ
Example 2: Work routine
Me kvela dghes midivar samushaoze. Dziritadat vikvdebi shvid saatze da kvela dilas vtsameb sakhlshi. Samushaoshi khshirad vliob kavs. Ghame, kholeme vakhsovt ojaxitan ertad.
แแ แงแแแแ แแฆแ แแแแแแแแ แกแแแกแแฎแฃแ แจแ. แซแแ แแแแแแ แแแฆแแแซแแ แจแแแ แกแแแแแ แแ แงแแแแ แแแแแ แแญแแ แกแแฎแแจแ. แกแแแกแแฎแฃแ แจแ แฎแจแแ แแ แแกแแแ แงแแแแก. แกแแฆแแแแก, แฎแแแแ แแแฎแจแแแแ แแฏแแฎแแแ แแ แแแ.
Translation:
โEvery day I go to work. I usually wake up at seven oโclock and every morning I eat at home. At work I often drink coffee. In the evening we usually have dinner together with the family.โ
Vocabulary List for This Chapter
| English | Georgian (Latin) | Georgian (Mkhedruli) |
|---|---|---|
| every day | kvela dghes | แงแแแแ แแฆแ |
| every morning | kvela dilas | แงแแแแแ แแแแแ |
| every evening | kvela ghame | แงแแแแแ แกแแฆแแแแก |
| every week | kvela kviras | แงแแแแ แแแแ แแก |
| always | yoveltvis | แงแแแแแแแแก |
| usually | dziritadat | แซแแ แแแแแแ |
| often | khshirad | แฎแจแแ แแ |
| sometimes | kholeme | แฎแแแแ |
| rarely | ishviiatad / ara khshirad | แแจแแแแแแ / แแ แ แฎแจแแ แแ |
| never | artsodes | แแ แแกแแแแก |
| first | pirvelad | แแแ แแแแ |
| then | shemdeg | แจแแแแแ |
| after that | imis shemdeg | แแแแก แจแแแแแ |
| finally | bolos | แแแแแก |
| to wake up | gaxvdeba / gaxvdebit | แแแฆแแแซแแแ / แแแฆแแแซแแ |
| to get up | dgeba | แแแแแ / แแแแแแ |
| to work | mushoba | แแฃแจแแแแ |
| to study | swavla | แกแฌแแแแ |
| to rest / relax | shesveneba | แจแแกแแแแแแ / แแแกแแแแแแ |
| to read | kitxva | แแแแฎแแ |
| to write | tsera | แฌแแ แ |
| to cook | amzadeba | แแแแแแแแแ |
| to eat breakfast | sabavshis tsama | แกแแฃแแแแก แญแแแ |
| to have dinner | samendzis tsama | แแแฎแจแแแก แญแแแ |
| to drink coffee | kavis sva | แงแแแแก แกแแ |
| to drink tea | chais sva | แฉแแแก แกแแ |
| to go (on foot) | tsa / midis (foot) | แฌแแกแแแ / แแแแแก (แคแแฎแแ) |
| to go (general) | midis | แแแแแก |
| at home | sakhlshi | แกแแฎแแจแ |
| at work | samushaoze | แกแแแกแแฎแฃแ แจแ |
| in the morning | dilit | แแแแแ |
| in the evening | saghamos | แกแแฆแแแแก |
| at night | ghamis | แฆแแแแ |
| weekend | weekendi | แฃแแฅแแแแ |
| habit marker | kholeme | แฎแแแแ |
| how often | ra khshirad | แ แ แฎแจแแ แแ |
| every Sunday | kvirebs | แแแแ แแแแแ |
| on Fridays | paraskevebs | แแแ แแกแแแแแแแ |
Use these new words together with the present tense you already know to talk about your own daily and weekly routines in Georgian.
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