Urdu

Where to Move

Move chapter:

• ☰ 1 A1 — Beginner
  • ☰ 1.1 Introduction to Urdu
    • ☰ 1.1.1 What is Urdu?
    • ☰ 1.1.2 Where Urdu is spoken
    • ☰ 1.1.3 Nastaliq script vs. Roman Urdu
    • ☰ 1.1.4 Sounds and pronunciation overview
  • ☰ 1.2 Urdu Alphabet and Writing System
    • ☰ 1.2.1 Urdu letters (isolated, initial, medial, final)
    • ☰ 1.2.2 Short and long vowels
    • ☰ 1.2.3 Connecting letters
    • ☰ 1.2.4 Writing practice
  • ☰ 1.3 Basic Pronunciation and Phonetics
    • ☰ 1.3.1 Aspirated vs. unaspirated consonants
    • ☰ 1.3.2 Retroflex sounds
    • ☰ 1.3.3 Stress and intonation
  • ☰ 1.4 Greetings and Polite Expressions
    • ☰ 1.4.1 Common greetings
    • ☰ 1.4.2 Introducing yourself
    • ☰ 1.4.3 Courtesy phrases
  • ☰ 1.5 Personal Information
    • ☰ 1.5.1 Name, nationality, and profession
    • ☰ 1.5.2 Simple questions and answers
    • ☰ 1.5.3 Yes and no responses
  • ☰ 1.6 Basic Sentence Structure
    • ☰ 1.6.1 Subject–Object–Verb order
    • ☰ 1.6.2 Gender (masculine and feminine)
    • ☰ 1.6.3 Singular nouns
  • ☰ 1.7 Present Tense (Simple)
    • ☰ 1.7.1 The verbs ہے and ہیں
    • ☰ 1.7.2 Basic verbs such as کرنا، جانا، آنا
  • ☰ 1.8 Numbers, Time, and Dates
    • ☰ 1.8.1 Numbers from 1 to 100
    • ☰ 1.8.2 Telling time
    • ☰ 1.8.3 Days of the week
  • ☰ 1.9 Family and People
    • ☰ 1.9.1 Family members
    • ☰ 1.9.2 Possession using کا، کی، کے
  • ☰ 1.10 Everyday Activities
    • ☰ 1.10.1 Daily routine
    • ☰ 1.10.2 Common verbs
• ☰ 2 A2 — Elementary
  • ☰ 2.1 Past Tense Basics
    • ☰ 2.1.1 Perfect tense
    • ☰ 2.1.2 Introduction to the ergative marker نے
  • ☰ 2.2 Future Tense
    • ☰ 2.2.1 Future markers گا، گی، گے
    • ☰ 2.2.2 Talking about plans
  • ☰ 2.3 Adjectives and Agreement
    • ☰ 2.3.1 Gender and number agreement
    • ☰ 2.3.2 Common descriptive adjectives
  • ☰ 2.4 Asking Questions
    • ☰ 2.4.1 Question words such as کیا، کب، کہاں، کیوں
    • ☰ 2.4.2 Yes/no questions and open questions
  • ☰ 2.5 Locations and Directions
    • ☰ 2.5.1 Postpositions
    • ☰ 2.5.2 Giving directions
  • ☰ 2.6 Food and Eating
    • ☰ 2.6.1 Ordering food
    • ☰ 2.6.2 Expressing likes and dislikes
  • ☰ 2.7 Shopping and Money
    • ☰ 2.7.1 Prices and bargaining
    • ☰ 2.7.2 Quantities and measures
  • ☰ 2.8 Modal Expressions
    • ☰ 2.8.1 Ability and permission with سکتا، سکتی، سکتے
  • ☰ 2.9 Comparisons
    • ☰ 2.9.1 More and less expressions
    • ☰ 2.9.2 Comparative and superlative forms
  • ☰ 2.10 Short Conversations and Dialogues
    • ☰ 2.10.1 Real-life scenarios
    • ☰ 2.10.2 Role-play exercises
• ☰ 3 B1 — Intermediate
  • ☰ 3.1 Verb Aspects and Continuous Tenses
    • ☰ 3.1.1 Continuous markers رہا، رہی، رہے
    • ☰ 3.1.2 Habitual versus ongoing actions
  • ☰ 3.2 Complex Sentences
    • ☰ 3.2.1 Conjunctions such as کیونکہ، لیکن، اگر
    • ☰ 3.2.2 Coordinating sentence structures
  • ☰ 3.3 Relative Clauses
    • ☰ 3.3.1 Usage of جو and جس
    • ☰ 3.3.2 Describing people and objects
  • ☰ 3.4 Indirect Speech
    • ☰ 3.4.1 Reporting statements
    • ☰ 3.4.2 Reporting questions
  • ☰ 3.5 Expressing Opinions
    • ☰ 3.5.1 Agreeing and disagreeing
    • ☰ 3.5.2 Giving reasons
  • ☰ 3.6 Travel and Transportation
    • ☰ 3.6.1 Booking and schedules
    • ☰ 3.6.2 Describing travel experiences
  • ☰ 3.7 Health and Emergencies
    • ☰ 3.7.1 Visiting a doctor
    • ☰ 3.7.2 Describing symptoms and giving advice
  • ☰ 3.8 Media and Communication
    • ☰ 3.8.1 News, television, and social media
    • ☰ 3.8.2 Formal and informal language
  • ☰ 3.9 Idiomatic Expressions
    • ☰ 3.9.1 Common Urdu idioms
    • ☰ 3.9.2 Cultural context
  • ☰ 3.10 Reading Short Texts
    • ☰ 3.10.1 Articles
    • ☰ 3.10.2 Simple stories
• ☰ 4 B2 — Upper Intermediate
  • ☰ 4.1 Advanced Verb Structures
    • ☰ 4.1.1 Causative verbs
    • ☰ 4.1.2 Compound verbs
  • ☰ 4.2 Passive Voice
    • ☰ 4.2.1 Formation
    • ☰ 4.2.2 Usage in formal contexts
  • ☰ 4.3 Subjunctive and Conditional Mood
    • ☰ 4.3.1 Hypothetical situations
    • ☰ 4.3.2 Wishes and regrets
  • ☰ 4.4 Formal and Written Urdu
    • ☰ 4.4.1 Differences between spoken and written Urdu
    • ☰ 4.4.2 Common written constructions
  • ☰ 4.5 Complex Postpositions
    • ☰ 4.5.1 Abstract relations
    • ☰ 4.5.2 Advanced spatial expressions
  • ☰ 4.6 Argumentation and Debate
    • ☰ 4.6.1 Persuasive language
    • ☰ 4.6.2 Structuring arguments
  • ☰ 4.7 Literature and Poetry
    • ☰ 4.7.1 Introduction to the ghazal
    • ☰ 4.7.2 Major literary figures
  • ☰ 4.8 Newspapers and Essays
    • ☰ 4.8.1 Reading longer texts
    • ☰ 4.8.2 Summarizing content
  • ☰ 4.9 Register and Style
    • ☰ 4.9.1 Levels of politeness
    • ☰ 4.9.2 Code-switching with English
  • ☰ 4.10 Presentation Skills
    • ☰ 4.10.1 Speaking at length
    • ☰ 4.10.2 Structured monologues
• ☰ 5 C1 — Advanced
  • ☰ 5.1 Nuanced Grammar and Style
    • ☰ 5.1.1 Emphasis and focus
    • ☰ 5.1.2 Subtle tense shifts
  • ☰ 5.2 Classical Urdu Structures
    • ☰ 5.2.1 Persian-influenced constructions
    • ☰ 5.2.2 Literary syntax
  • ☰ 5.3 Advanced Idioms and Proverbs
    • ☰ 5.3.1 Cultural depth
    • ☰ 5.3.2 Contextual usage
  • ☰ 5.4 Academic and Professional Urdu
    • ☰ 5.4.1 Essays
    • ☰ 5.4.2 Reports and speeches
  • ☰ 5.5 Literary Analysis
    • ☰ 5.5.1 Short stories
    • ☰ 5.5.2 Poetry interpretation
  • ☰ 5.6 Translation Skills
    • ☰ 5.6.1 Urdu to English
    • ☰ 5.6.2 English to Urdu
  • ☰ 5.7 Discourse and Cohesion
    • ☰ 5.7.1 Linking ideas
    • ☰ 5.7.2 Argument flow
  • ☰ 5.8 Media Analysis
    • ☰ 5.8.1 Opinion pieces
    • ☰ 5.8.2 Political language
• ☰ 6 C2 — Mastery
  • ☰ 6.1 Classical Poetry and Prose
    • ☰ 6.1.1 Mir, Ghalib, Iqbal
    • ☰ 6.1.2 Historical texts
  • ☰ 6.2 Stylistic Mastery
    • ☰ 6.2.1 Register control
    • ☰ 6.2.2 Rhetorical devices